Abstract: This paper summarizes the preliminary experiences obtained in the speedy-synthetic treatments of neurathenics among the steel workers and makes clearer theroles of psychological factors in the genesis, developments and therapies of neurathenia. The three major causes of this disease are the hypertension during work and study, an inadequet relationship with other people, as well as some significant misfortunes in the patient's personal life. The psychotherapy applied here consists mainly of rational therapy which was undertaken during the state of wakefulness, and its main contents comprise 1)the elimination of patients worries about the disease and the establishment of his belief in recovery within a short period of time; 2) the alteration of patient's attitudes toward the disease and his understanding of its causes; 3) the combination of psychological theory with practice, uplifting, thereby, the patient's active fighting spirits against the disease. The effects of the treatment within a month show that those who have been cured and greatly improved totaled 81.4% of all the patients.

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