生物运动信息对听障个体注意网络功能的影响

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2025.1139

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以往研究发现, 听觉经验剥夺会导致听障个体视觉注意功能发生变化。但是, 生物运动信息会如何调节听障个体的视觉注意功能仍不清楚。本研究采用注意网络测试(attentional network test)和Flanker范式的变式, 探讨了听障个体对光点生物运动信息的注意网络功能特点。实验1a采用经典注意网络测试考察了听障个体的注意网络功能特点。结果显示, 听障个体执行控制的加工效率显著低于健听个体, 而在警觉和定向上与健听个体无显著差异。实验1b将光点生物运动序列作为目标刺激, 结果显示, 当目标刺激为完整生物运动信息时, 听障个体警觉和执行控制的加工效率显著低于健听个体, 而当目标刺激为局部和打乱生物运动信息时, 两组被试在警觉、定向和执行控制上均无显著差异。实验2采用Flanker范式的变式考察听障个体对生物运动信息的执行控制特点。结果显示, 在完整生物运动信息上, 听障个体执行控制的加工效率显著低于健听个体, 而在局部和打乱生物运动信息上两组被试无显著差异。以上结果说明, 生物运动信息会调节听障个体的注意网络功能, 当目标刺激为完整生物运动信息时, 听障个体的注意警觉和执行控制网络功能存在受损。

关键词: 听障个体, 生物运动, 注意网络测试

Abstract:

Biological motion conveys extensive social information. Thus, the accurate identification of biological motion information is essential for our survival and social development. Previous studies have suggested that auditory deprivation could alter the visual attention function of hearing-impaired individuals. However, the impact of biological motion information on the visual attention function of such individuals remains unclear. The attentional network test (ANT), along with a modified Flanker task, was used in the study to investigate the attentional network function in processing point-light biological motion information in hearing-impaired and hearing individuals.

In Experiment 1a, the classical ANT was used to investigate the attentional network function of hearing-impaired individuals. In this task, in which the target stimulus comprised a series of arrows featuring a central arrow flanked by additional arrows, participants were required to judge the direction of the central arrow. In Experiment 1b, a modified version of the classical attentional network test was employed, using intact, local, and scrambled biological motion sequences as target stimuli to investigate the influence of biological motion information on the attentional network function. Experiment 2 employed an adapted version of the Flanker task to examine the executive control in processing intact, local, and scrambled biological motion sequences. In Experiments 1b and 2, participants were required to judge the walking direction of the central point-light biological motion.

The results of Experiment 1a indicated that executive control efficiency was markedly lower in hearing-impaired than among hearing individuals. However, no significant differences were observed in alerting and orienting efficiencies between these two groups. Experiment 1b results indicated that hearing-impaired individuals had significantly lower efficiency in alerting and executive control in intact biological motion than hearing individuals. However, no significant differences were observed in the efficiencies of the three attentional networks between two groups in terms of processing local and scrambled biological motion. Experiment 2 results further revealed significantly lower efficiency of executive control in hearing-impaired than in hearing individuals for intact biological motion, but not for local or scrambled biological motion.

Overall, the present study reveals that biological motion information could affect the attentional network function of hearing-impaired individuals. The findings not only deepen academic comprehension of the visual attention for biological motion information among hearing- impaired individuals but also offer empirical support for the specificity of local biological motion processing.

Key words: hearing impaired individuals, biological motion, attentional network test

中图分类号:

B842

陈杰, 蔡佳慧, 兰雅迪, 李雯婕. (2025). 生物运动信息对听障个体注意网络功能的影响. 心理学报, 57(7), 1139-1153.

CHEN Jie, CAI Jiahui, LAN Yadi, LI Wenjie. (2025). Impact of point-light biological motion information on attentional network function in hearing-impaired individuals. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 57(7), 1139-1153.

图/表 13

参考文献 64

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变量	听障组 (n = 33)	健听组 (n = 33)	t/χ²	p
变量	M ± SD	M ± SD	t/χ²	p
年龄(岁)	21.55 ± 1.84	20.64 ± 2.13	1.85	0.068
性别	23男/10女	21男/12女	0.27	0.602
瑞文推理分数	48.33 ± 4.31	49.91 ± 6.07	−1.22	0.228
听力损失年龄(岁)	1.74 ± 1.78
手语习得年龄(岁)	9.81 ± 3.89
听力损失程度(极重度/重度/重度以下)	7人/10人/16人

变量	听障组 (n = 33)	健听组 (n = 33)	t/χ²	p
变量	M ± SD	M ± SD	t/χ²	p
年龄(岁)	21.55 ± 1.84	20.64 ± 2.13	1.85	0.068
性别	23男/10女	21男/12女	0.27	0.602
瑞文推理分数	48.33 ± 4.31	49.91 ± 6.07	−1.22	0.228
听力损失年龄(岁)	1.74 ± 1.78
手语习得年龄(岁)	9.81 ± 3.89
听力损失程度(极重度/重度/重度以下)	7人/10人/16人

组别	侧翼类型	线索类型
组别	侧翼类型	无线索	中央线索	双重线索	空间线索
听障组	一致条件	596 (94)	553 (87)	542 (87)	535 (86)
健听组	一致条件	538 (71)	490 (63)	480 (59)	469 (57)
听障组	不一致条件	709 (152)	677 (160)	655 (136)	662 (138)
健听组	不一致条件	614 (83)	570 (69)	555 (64)	554 (61)

组别	侧翼类型	线索类型
组别	侧翼类型	无线索	中央线索	双重线索	空间线索
听障组	一致条件	596 (94)	553 (87)	542 (87)	535 (86)
健听组	一致条件	538 (71)	490 (63)	480 (59)	469 (57)
听障组	不一致条件	709 (152)	677 (160)	655 (136)	662 (138)
健听组	不一致条件	614 (83)	570 (69)	555 (64)	554 (61)

变量	听障组(n = 28)	健听组(n = 28)	t/χ²	p
变量	M ± SD	M ± SD	t/χ²	p
年龄(岁)	20.75 ± 1.32	20.64 ± 2.02	0.24	0.815
性别	21男/7女	21男/7女	0.01	0.999
瑞文推理分数	48.79 ± 6.70	48.50 ± 6.82	0.16	0.875
自闭特质分数	23.04 ± 2.90	21.36 ± 5.07	1.52	0.134
听力损失年龄(岁)	1.88 ± 2.33
手语习得年龄(岁)	9.48 ± 3.95
听力损失程度(极重度/重度/重度以下)	10人/5人/13人