工作场所文明行为：从内隐的自我提升到外显的组织优化

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.01906

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工作场所文明行为是一种在组织文化下, 基于社会和组织角色义务的, 传达礼貌和尊重的主动性行为, 是一种向内要求自我控制, 向外主张尊重传达的行为, 它对于个体自身性格的塑造、组织中人际关系的改善以及文明氛围的培养都具有积极意义。在员工-员工、领导-下属、员工-顾客等关系中, 工作场所文明行为发挥着增进同事情谊、促进合作、增强领导力、建立信任、提升绩效等作用。未来的研究应该进一步厘清工作场所文明行为与不文明行为的关系, 运用动态视角研究它们发生、发展和被感知的机制, 以及这两种行为能否相互转化等问题。

关键词: 工作场所文明行为, 自我控制, 尊重, 提升, 优化

Abstract:

Workplace civilized behavior is a proactive behavior that conveys courtesy and respect based on social and organizational role obligations. This behavior depends on organizational culture. In recent years, with the influence of positive psychology on organizational behavior research, the value of workplace civility has attracted the attention of scholars, and there has been discussion about its implication and nature. Because workplace civility is inwardly demanding of self-control and outward-oriented behavior of conveying respect, it has positive significance for the shaping of individuals, the promotion of interpersonal relationships in organizations, and the cultivation of an organizational atmosphere. Based on a literature search, this paper provides an operational definition and basic research framework for workplace civility.

Key words: workplace civility, self-control, respect, promotion, optimization

中图分类号:

B849:C93

严瑜, 曹照雪. (2019). 工作场所文明行为：从内隐的自我提升到外显的组织优化. 心理科学进展 , 27(11), 1906-1916.

YAN Yu, CAO Zhaoxue. (2019). Workplace civility: From implicit self-promotion to explicit organizational optimization. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(11), 1906-1916.

图/表 3

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工作场所文明行为定义	性质	研究者及时间
尊重他人的尊严, 尊重他人的感情, 维护相互尊重的组织规范的行为。	中性	Carter, 1998
一个在职场尊重行为规范内的对他人礼貌和关心的行为。	中性	Andersson & Pearson, 1999
有助于保持工作中相互尊重的规范的行为;
它包含的行为是与他人积极联系, 建立关系和共情的基础。	中性	Pearson, Andersson, & Porath, 2000
文明假设一种超越自我的意识, 并且需要传达对他人福祉的尊重和关注。	积极	Sypher, 2004
文明行为是作为一个群体公民, 以积极的方式行动,
使个人投入有利于自身和集体的能力。	积极	Marini, 2011
尊重他人, 基本礼貌, 以及营造积极学习和工作环境的行为。	积极	Gilroy, 2008
文明要求人们以尊重、负责、内敛和有原则的方式说话,
避免那些冒犯、粗鲁、贬低和威胁的方式。	中性	Gill & Sypher, 2009
工作组内有礼貌和体贴的工作场所行为。	中性	Osatuke et al., 2009
工作场所的文明指在人际关系中考虑他人。	积极	Ferriss, 2010
工作场所文明行为是一种帮助维护工作场所相互尊重的规范的行为,
包含了超越好的态度和礼节的其他因素。	积极	Walsh et al., 2012
职业文明行为是一种交流的美德和实践智慧, 是职业精神的一部分。	积极	Fritz, 2013
工作场所文明行为包含尊重、尊严、礼貌和愉快。	积极	Porath, Gerbasi, & Schorch, 2015
文明包含大多数人在工作中渴望的那些尊重、礼貌的行为。	中性	Cortina et al., 2017

工作场所文明行为定义	性质	研究者及时间
尊重他人的尊严, 尊重他人的感情, 维护相互尊重的组织规范的行为。	中性	Carter, 1998
一个在职场尊重行为规范内的对他人礼貌和关心的行为。	中性	Andersson & Pearson, 1999
有助于保持工作中相互尊重的规范的行为;
它包含的行为是与他人积极联系, 建立关系和共情的基础。	中性	Pearson, Andersson, & Porath, 2000
文明假设一种超越自我的意识, 并且需要传达对他人福祉的尊重和关注。	积极	Sypher, 2004
文明行为是作为一个群体公民, 以积极的方式行动,
使个人投入有利于自身和集体的能力。	积极	Marini, 2011
尊重他人, 基本礼貌, 以及营造积极学习和工作环境的行为。	积极	Gilroy, 2008
文明要求人们以尊重、负责、内敛和有原则的方式说话,
避免那些冒犯、粗鲁、贬低和威胁的方式。	中性	Gill & Sypher, 2009
工作组内有礼貌和体贴的工作场所行为。	中性	Osatuke et al., 2009
工作场所的文明指在人际关系中考虑他人。	积极	Ferriss, 2010
工作场所文明行为是一种帮助维护工作场所相互尊重的规范的行为,
包含了超越好的态度和礼节的其他因素。	积极	Walsh et al., 2012
职业文明行为是一种交流的美德和实践智慧, 是职业精神的一部分。	积极	Fritz, 2013
工作场所文明行为包含尊重、尊严、礼貌和愉快。	积极	Porath, Gerbasi, & Schorch, 2015
文明包含大多数人在工作中渴望的那些尊重、礼貌的行为。	中性	Cortina et al., 2017

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