ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (12): 2029-2041.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.02029

• 主编特邀 •    下一篇

决策过程的追踪:基于眼动的证据

魏子晗;李兴珊   

  1. (中国科学院 行为科学重点实验室, 心理研究所, 北京 100101)
  • 收稿日期:2015-09-20 出版日期:2015-12-15 发布日期:2015-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 李兴珊, E-mail: lixs@psych.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目(31070904), 中国科学院心理研究所百人计划配套经费, 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-BR-6)。

Decision Process Tracing: Evidence from Eye-movement Data

WEI Zi-Han; LI Xingshan   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)
  • Received:2015-09-20 Online:2015-12-15 Published:2015-12-15
  • Contact: LI Xingshan, E-mail: lixs@psych.ac.cn

摘要:

利用过程追踪技术实现对“决策过程”的追踪, 或能真正解答“人类是如何做出决策”这一科学问题。在各种过程追踪技术中, 眼动技术由于具有无干扰性、适用范围广泛、采集信息多样等独一无二的优势, 已被广泛应用于各种决策研究中, 为验证和比较不同决策理论的不同假设和预测做出了贡献。本文介绍了眼动技术如何被应用于验证补偿性决策理论与非补偿性决策理论对风险决策过程的不同假设, 眼动技术如何用于检验多次决策与单次决策的决策过程差异, 以及眼动技术如何用于检验“剔除–关注模型”与“齐当别决策模型”对多属性决策中共享信息发挥作用机制的不同预测。

关键词: 决策过程追踪技术, 眼动技术, 补偿性决策理论, 非补偿性决策理论, 单次决策, 多次决策, 剔除–关注模型, 齐当别决策模型

Abstract:

Process tracing techniques facilitate tracing of cognitive process behind decision-making behaviors, thereby clarifying “how people make decisions.” The eye-tracking technique is a type of process tracing technique with the following advantages: 1) does not interfere with the decision-making process, 2) applicable in different experimental conditions for different samples, and 3) can provide informative process data. Eye-tracking techniques are useful in testing or comparing different decision-making models. These techniques aid researchers in the following tasks: assessing the different process hypotheses of both compensatory and non-compensatory theories in risk decision-making fields, determining different cognitive processes between multiple-play decision and single-play decision, and comparing and assessing different predictions of the “cancellation-and-focus model” and “equate-to-differentiate model” on how common features affect multiple-attribute decisions.

Key words: decision process tracing techniques, eye-tracking, compensatory theories, non-compensatory theories, multiple-play decisions, single-play decisions, cancellation-and-focus model, equate-to-differentiate model