Abstract: To master a certain amount of vocabulary of everyday use is an improtant factor in the training of reading and expressing abilities and is also one of the key problems in the over all improvement of the quality of the language teaching. In many. schools, the situation in the first and second grade, as the childrens' vocabulary is concerned, has been not very far satisfactory.Through a rather broard investigation, it. was brought to the conclusion that 7- and 8-yearold children may learn Chinese characters better and more, only if the teachers would improve the method of instruction.The method of teaching in several excellant classes and unsatisfactory ones were analyzed. The result showed that the better way of teaching is to instruct the pupils to analyze the structure of the Chinese characters, to build the habits of purposeful memorization and of actire thinking. That is to say, the results of teaching depend not only on the teaching of the characters but also on the instruction of the method of learning.A preliminary experiment was also carried out. The results of the experiment confirmed that analyzing the structure of characters is an effective method for the mastery of characters. Further studies are necessary for the clarification of the development of the analyzing and synthetizing processes in learning vocabularies.

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