Abstract: Memory recall performance on meaningful stimuli was found to be correlated with domain expertise. However, it was not clear whether the expert had superior performance on random stimuli. This present paper, using Chinese chess games, probed into the question. The results showed that there was no expertise effect on random stimuli. The authors compared the template theory with the constraint attunement hypothesis, and concluded that the former was better than the latter.

Key words: expertise effects on memory recall, meaningful stimulus, random stimulus, Chinese chess