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Abstract: This piece of research tried to discover the scope of 6 to 7 year old children's, grasp of the conception of numbers in order to make suggestions for the complication of ist. year primary school arithmetic textbooks.84 1st year primary school and top class infant school children took part in. this experiment, the content of which had two partS:. 1) to discover the scope of the conception of numbers among 6 to 7 year olds; and 2) on the basis of this to make training experiment. The following results were noticed: in grasping the conception of less than 100, the children recognize the cardinal numbers, the ordinal numbers, understand their real significance and do calculations. These four aspects vary in the course of development. The grasp of the first aspect, far exceeding that of the other three. Children's astimate of the quantity of objects are greatly influenced by the spatial arrangement of the given objects, but training (by means of the regulative effect of generalized verbal words) may alter the effect of spatial influence.Going by the results of this experiment, it is believed that: 1) the children's conception of numbers should be based upon the child's understanding of the real significance of numbers; 2) the child's conceptions of numbers depends on education circumstances contrary to the resialt by the bourgeois scholar Piaget that "children's conception of numbers is completely determined by age". Teaching can play a part in bringing a child forward; 3) the role of verbal words also has a certain influence in forming the child's conception of numbers.

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