ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办：中国心理学会
　　　中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理学报

• •    

中国人的积极理想情绪：近几十年来的变迁(社会变迁专栏)

张明杨1,杨盈2,包寒吴霜2,蔡华俭 2,3   

  1. 1. 清华大学
    2. 中国科学院心理研究所
    3.
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-01 修回日期:2022-12-21 出版日期:2023-01-21 发布日期:2023-01-21
  • 通讯作者: 蔡华俭
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目

The positive ideal affect of Chinese people: Trends over the past decades

ZHANG Mingyang, YANG Ying, BAO Han-Wu-Shuang, CAI Hua-Jian   

  1. 1. Tsinghua University
    2.
  • Received:2022-09-01 Revised:2022-12-21 Online:2023-01-21 Published:2023-01-21
  • Contact: Hua-Jian CAI

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摘要： 本研究第一次在中国对积极理想情绪的变迁进行研究。研究一让1966年之前出生的被试根据自己的判断，评估1980年初、2000年初和2020年前后中国人理想中想体验的积极情绪。结果发现，从1980年初到2020年前后中国人对高唤醒、低唤醒、无唤醒积极情绪的偏好都在上升。研究二让大学生被试根据自己的判断，评估祖辈、子辈和孙辈理想中想体验的积极情绪。结果表明，大学生知觉到的祖辈、子辈和孙辈这三代人对高唤醒、低唤醒、无唤醒积极情绪的偏好也都在上升。研究三利用全国性大学生调查数据，通过横断对比分析发现，来自城市的大学生比来自农村的大学生更偏好高唤醒、低唤醒、无唤醒积极情绪，并且个体主义和集体主义价值观都可以正向预测三类情绪的偏好。总起来，三个研究一致启示，自改革开放以来，中国人对高唤醒、低唤醒和无唤醒积极情绪的偏好都在上升。这些发现不仅拓展了对社会变迁的心理影响的认识，更加深了对理想情绪本身特性的认识。

关键词: 积极理想情绪, 文化变迁, 城乡差异, 个体主义, 集体主义

Abstract: The purpose of this research is to examine the change of ideal affect of Chinese people since 1980s, in particular, high arousal positive affects (HAP), low arousal positive affects (LAP) and positive affects (P). By employing diverse methods, three studies were conducted. In Study 1, a total of 84 participants born before 1966 were asked to assess the ideal affect of Chinese people at beginnings of 1980, 2000, 2020. Results showed that the preferences for HAP, LAP and P have been rising among Chinese people since 1980. In Study 2, a total of 1561 college students were asked to assess the ideal affect of people of three generations: their grandparents generation, their parents generation and their own generation. Results showed that the youngest generation manifested higher preferences for HAP, LAP and P than old generations. In Study 3, a large sample of college students from 31 provinces in China were surveyed (N =26209). Results indicated that students from urban areas manifest higher preference for HAP, LAP and P than those from rural areas after controlling basic demographic information and cultural orientations; moreover, HAP, LAP and P were positively correlated with each other. Taken together, findings from three studies convergently suggest that preferences for HAP, LAP and P have been rising since 1980, with modernization as a potential driver.

Key words: positive ideal affect, culture change, rural-urban difference, individualism, collectivism