性别(Balta et al., 2018; Chotpitayasunondh & Douglas, 2016; Karada? et al., 2015, Karada? et al., 2016)
年龄(Davey et al., 2018; Karada? et al., 2016; Mcdaniel, 2015) | 孤独感(Takao et al., 2009)
神经质(Balta et al., 2018; Mcdaniel, 2015)
抑郁(Mcdaniel, 2015)
焦虑(O'Connor et al., 2013)
错失恐惧(Chai et al., 2018; Chotpitayasunondh & Douglas, 2016; Balta et al., 2018)
缺乏自控(Chotpitayasunondh & Douglas, 2016; Davey et al., 2018) | 问题性智能手机使用(Chotpitayasunondh & Douglas, 2016; Davey et al., 2018)
成瘾行为(手机、网络、社交媒体、短信服务、游戏成瘾) (Davey et al., 2018; Karada? et al., 2015)
问题性社交媒体使用(Balta et al., 2018) |