ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

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儿童面部表情识别的特点

朱丽雅,莫凡,张志豪,赵科,傅小兰   

  1. 中国科学院心理研究所
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-18 修回日期:2022-11-01 发布日期:2022-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 赵科
  • 基金资助:
    动作主动控制感的认知神经机制

The Characteristics of Children's Facial Emotion Recognition

, , ,Ke Zhao,Xiaolan   

  • Received:2022-03-18 Revised:2022-11-01 Published:2022-11-15
  • Contact: Ke Zhao

摘要: 面部表情是指通过眼部、口部等肌肉运动表达出来的情绪状态和情绪信号。儿童面部表情识别能力的发展能促进其适应社会和交往的能力,也是评估儿童情绪认知水平发展的重要指标。本文总结了儿童识别六种基本表情的实证研究,探讨儿童对不同类型的面部表情识别的发展特点。大量研究表明儿童对正性效价的面部表情识别早于负性效价的面部表情。高兴表情识别发展最早,儿童在小学低年级达到识别正确率的峰值。对不同类型的负性效价的面部表情识别有不同的关键期。儿童识别悲伤和愤怒表情的发展阶段早于恐惧、惊讶和厌恶表情。学龄前儿童已经能够准确识别出高强度的悲伤和愤怒表情,而到了小学阶段,恐惧、惊讶和厌恶表情的识别能力才得到快速发展。同时,本文也对儿童表情识别特点进行了理论解释并阐述了影响儿童面部表情识别的因素。最后,本文展望了未来该领域的研究方向。 关键词:儿童,面部表情,情绪识别,发展特点,影响因素

关键词: 儿童, 面部表情, 情绪识别, 发展特点, 影响因素

Abstract: Facial emotions are mood status and emotional signals that expressed by the facial muscle movement around eyes and mouth. Children’s facial emotion recognition ability not only plays a crucial role in children’s social skills and communications development, but also represents an important signal to evaluate children’s cognitive development. This paper reviews most of the recent empirical studies on children’s recognition of facial emotions, discussing children’s recognition development trend of each basic facial emotion. The following conclusions are drawn: children’s recognition of the positive valence of facial expression develops earlier than the negative valence of facial expressions; the recognition of happiness develops at first, and reaches the accuracy peak at children’s early school period; different categories of the negative valence of facial expressions have specific critical period; children’s recognition of sadness and anger develops earlier than fear, surprise and disgust; preschool children can accurately recognize the intense sadness and anger; children at primary school can develop dramatically their facial recognition abilities to fear, surprise and disgust. Moreover, we use the Discrete Emotions Theory to interpret characteristics of children’s facial emotions recognition, and discuss the factors that may influence children’s emotions recognition. In the end, we prospect the future possible studies in this domain.

Key words: children, facial expression, emotion recognition, developmental characteristics, influencing factor