关键词: 挑食, 新食物恐惧症, 儿童, 认知过程

Abstract: Picky eating behavior in children poses concerns for nutritional adequacy and warrants early intervention. While social and environmental factors play a role, cognitive processes also contribute to children's selective eating habits. Two key characteristics of picky eating are a lack of dietary diversity or (and) rejection of unfamiliar food, and long-term negative impact. The developmental trajectory of picky eating is typically peak in early childhood before diminishing. Existing studies have found that sensory attributes (including taste, smell, touch, and vision), cognitive representations of food, sensitivity to rewards and punishments, and attention all influence picky eating tendencies in children. Future research should further investigate the impact of audition, cross-modal integration of diverse sensory information, and information processing biases on children's picky eating behaviors. Additionally, cognitive factors such as reward and punishment sensitivity, as well as cognitive representation, should be considered in intervention studies on picky eating. Furthermore, future studies should design corresponding interventions based on children's visual and auditory perceptions of food and employ cognitive bias training to change children's attentional bias and interpretation bias for food-related information.

Key words: picky eating, food neophobia, children, cognitive processes