ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1982, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (1): 59-72.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

幼儿掌握数概念的个案研究——Ⅱ.对一个四周岁至五周岁儿童进行追踪研究的报告

许智权;宋宝玲   

  1. 郑州大学 ,郑州大学
  • 出版日期:1982-03-25 发布日期:1982-03-25
  • 通讯作者: 许智权

AN INDIVIDUAL CASE STUDY OF A CHILD MASTERING NUMBER CONCEPT——Ⅱ. A FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF A CHILD AT THE AGE OF 4-5 YEARS

Xu Zhi-quan;Song Bao-ling Zheng Zhou University   

  • Published:1982-03-25 Online:1982-03-25

摘要: 本文是用纵向法,对一个儿童(四周岁至五周岁),掌握数概念的过程,进行追踪研究,提出的报告。 研究结果表明:在有效的训练和充分的练习条件下,被试掌握最初数概念的过程,进入关键性的一年。在这过程中,读写数字、用数字作为符号进行运算,具有特别突出的地位。认读顺序数字表,转化为口头计数能力的发展,是以尝试错误、用手指自我暗示、顿悟为中介。按各种数序进行计数,是口头计数能力发展的主要内容。按物计数能力的发展,明显地比口头计数能力的发展,处于领先的地位。按物计数能力发展的程序是:逐个计数,按群计数,成组计数。认读各种数字表,使被试在实际上,理解和领会数词的基本类型、组合类型及其内在联系。书写数字就是把计数能力的发展,以物质的形式“固定”下来。读写数字使儿童在实际上,掌握和运用数词的“构词法”,促进计数能力的发展,是提高儿童数概念水平的基本方面。被试在掌握数概念的过程中,运算能力发展的程序是:逐个加减,按群加减,利用数的分解、组合进行加减。数的运算(加、减、乘、除),是儿童学习数的组成之手段,是提高儿童数概念水平的重要方面。

关键词: NULL

Abstract: This report is a follow-up study of the number concept masteringprocess of a 4-5 year old child. The result shows that under conditions ofeffective training and adequate drilling, the procedure of the child to masterpreliminary number concept enters a critical year. Counting and writingnumbers, using numbers as signs to calculate are most prominent in thisprocedure. To read and memorize the table of order of numbers, trying,error and sudden realization, counting fingers as a self-hint, transforms intothe development of the ability of oral counting. Counting according to differentnumber order is the main content in the development of oral counting. Thedevelopment of ability to count articles is obviously prior to the developmentof ability to count numbers orally. The development procedure of the first oneis: Counting one by one, counting by groups, and counting by parts. In fact,to read and memorize the different numeral tables will enable the child tounderstand and realize the basic types of numbers, the combining types ofnumbers and the relationship between them. Writing numbers is thedevelopment of counting ability, that will be "set", in the form of matter. Infact, reading and writing numbers are the main methods that will enable thechild to master and operate the "word-formation", of numbers, and promotethe development of counting ability, It is also an essential method used bythe child in raising his number conception level. In the course of masteringnumber concept by the child, the development procedure of calculating abilityis: plus and minus one by one, plus and minus by groups, and plus andminus with dividing and grouping of numbers. Calculating numbers (plus,minus, multiplication and division) is the method used by the child in learningnumber formation., it is also an important mothod used by the child in raisinghis level of conception of numbers.

Key words: NULL