ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2009, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 980-988.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

匹配对创造性的影响: 集体主义的调节作用

杜旌;王丹妮   

  1. (1武汉大学经济与管理学院, 武汉 430072) (2北京大学光华管理学院, 北京 100871)
  • 收稿日期:2008-12-31 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-10-30 发布日期:2009-10-30
  • 通讯作者: 杜旌

Person-Environment Fit and Creativity: The Moderating Role of Collectivism

DU Jing;WANG Dan-Ni   

  1. (1Economics and Management School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)
    (2Guanghua School of Management, Peking university, Beijing 100871, China)
  • Received:2008-12-31 Revised:1900-01-01 Published:2009-10-30 Online:2009-10-30
  • Contact: DU Jing

摘要: 以305名大学生为研究对象, 检验创造性氛围的供给-期望匹配、个人创造性能力的要求-能力匹配与个人创造性的关系, 考察集体主义价值观对这种关系的影响。结果显示供给-期望匹配中实际创造性氛围、要求-能力匹配中的实际创造性能力对个人创造性有显著作用。对于高集体主义价值观的个人, 环境因素(实际创造性氛围和要求创造性能力)对他们创造性影响作用更为显著, 展现出集体主义价值观对创造性的间接积极作用。

关键词: 供给-期望匹配, 要求-能力匹配, 集体主义价值观, 创造性

Abstract: Prior studies have demonstrated the positive effects of congruent personal and environmental characteris-tics on creativity. None of them, however, has explicitly and systematically tested the formal theory of per-son–environment fit for predicting creativity in the context of collectivism. This study examined the effects of two versions of person–environment fit (supplies–values and demands–abilities fit) on creativity in China, tak-ing into account the moderating role of collectivism.
Data were collected from 305 undergraduate students among 25 classes in a university of China. With the supports of their supervisors, students completed the questionnaire regarding desired climate for creativity, cur-rent climate for creativity, required creativity abilities, actual creative abilities, collectivism, and individual creativity. All questionnaires were returned back to authors directly. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was employed to analyze data.
The results showed that creativity was significantly influenced only by current climate for creativity (sup-plies) and actual creative abilities (abilities). Collectivism moderated the effects of person-environment fit on creativity: creativity by individuals with high collectivism was almost exclusively predicted by environmental characteristics (current creative climate and required creative abilities), whereas creativity by individuals with low collectivism was influenced by optimal two versions fit between person and environment.
Most western scholars think that collectivism is an impediment for creativity because collectivists tend to maintain conformity in group and then hinder the generation of unique and novel ideas. However, the present study clearly indicates that collectivism may have a positive effect on creativity under certain situations, that is, individuals with high collectivism will show higher creative performance when organizational supports and de-mands for creativity are presented. This implicates that managers should pay more attention to environmental characteristics for collectivistic employees in order to enhance their creativity.

Key words: Prior studies have demonstrated the positive effects of congruent personal and environmental characteris-tics on creativity None of them, however, tak-ing into account the moderating role of collectivism Data were collected from 305 undergraduate students among 25 classes in a university of China With the supports of their supervisors, students completed the questionnaire regarding desired climate for creativity, cur-rent climate for creativity, required creativity abilities