ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2008, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (03): 291-300.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

特征归纳中关联强度与关联相似性的交互作用效应

王墨耘   

  1. 陕西师范大学心理学系,西安 710062
  • 收稿日期:2007-01-08 修回日期:1900-01-01 发布日期:2008-03-30 出版日期:2008-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 王墨耘

The Interaction Effect of Connection Strength and Relevance Similarity in Feature Induction

Wang Moyun   

  1. Department of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
  • Received:2007-01-08 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2008-03-30 Published:2008-03-30
  • Contact: Wang Moyun

摘要: 根据特征归纳的关联相似性模型分析和三个因素实验研究发现,在基于关联相似性而进行的特征归纳中,关联强度和关联相似性两因素对归纳强度的影响存在交互作用效应。关联相似性变化对归纳强度的影响依赖于关联强度,随关联强度的增加而增加。关联强度变化对归纳强度的影响依赖于关联相似性水平:在高的关联相似性条件下,归纳强度随关联强度增加而增加;在中等关联相似性条件下,归纳强度不受关联强度变化的影响;而在低的关联相似性条件下,归纳强度随关联强度增加而减小

关键词: 关联相似性模型, 归纳强度, 关联强度, 关联相似性, 交互作用效应

Abstract: There are two kinds of conventional accounts for category-based feature inductions: similarity accounts and knowledge accounts. The former claim that feature inductions are based on overall similarities between premise and conclusion categories, and that inductive strength increases with overall similarity. The latter accounts emphasize the role of the knowledge of feature relevance in feature inductions, regardless of the role of similarities. The two accounts are separate from each other. Wang (2006) proposed a relevance similarity model of feature induction to describe an inductive reasoning based on similarity in terms of features relevant to induction features (namely relevance similarity). The model integrates similarity with the knowledge of feature relevance, and claims that size orders of inductive strength can be predicted by the product of relevance similarity and the connection strength between induction features and the relevance features of induction features.
According to the claim that size orders of inductive strength can be predicted by product of relevance similarity and connection strength between induction features and relevance features of induction features, there would be an interaction effect of connection strength and relevance similarity on inductive strength in feature induction. Three experiments with college students used two within-subject factors (connection strength and relevance similarity) designed to examine the interaction effect. In Experiment 1, each induction feature had one definite relevance feature. Experiment 1 used a 2 (connection strength: weak vs. strong connection) × 2 (relevance similarity: 0/1 vs. 1/1) within-subject design. In Experiment 2, each induction feature had four relevance features. Experiment 2 used a 2 (connection strength: weak vs. strong connection) × 3 (relevance similarity: 1/4, 2/4, and 3/4) within-subject design. In Experiment 3, each induction feature had ten relevance features. Experiment 3 used a 2 (connection strength: weak vs. strong connection) × 5 (relevance similarity: 8/10, 6/10, 5/10, 4/10, and 2/10) within-subject design.
The results of these three experiments showed the presence of the interaction effect of connection strength and relevance similarity on inductive strength in feature induction, based on relevance similarity. The influence of relevance similarity on inductive strength increased with connection strength. The influence of connection strength on inductive strength depended on relevance similarity: in high relevance similarity (above 60%), inductive strength increased with connection strength; in middle relevance similarity (40% to 60%), connection strength did not influence inductive strength; and in low relevance similarity (below 40%), inductive strength decreased as connection strength increased.
The above phenomena are new findings in the studies on feature induction

Key words: relevance similarity model, inductive strength, connection strength, relevance similarity, interaction effect

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