ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1999, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 190-199.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

大学生自发反应式的互联自我与独立自我:性别差异与专业差异

张力为;符明秋   

  1. 香港中文大学心理学系!香港新界沙田,西南师范大学体育学院!重庆,400715
  • 出版日期:1999-06-25 发布日期:1999-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 张力为

SPONTANEOUS DESCRIPTION OF INTERDEPENDENT SELF AND INDEPENDENT SELF:DIFFERENCES OF GENDER AND MAJOR IN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Zhang Liwei (Chinese University of Hong Kong, Beijing University of Physical Education )Fu Mingqiu (Southwest Normal University of China. Chongqing 400715)   

  • Published:1999-06-25 Online:1999-06-25

摘要: Markus和Kitayama的自我构念理论以文化差异为基础,将人的自我观念分为独立自我和互联自我。研究假设,体育专业的学习由于有更多的社会交互作用,有助于培养学生的互联自我;文理专业的学习由于有更多的独立性,有助于培养学生的独立自我。应用20项陈述测验对258名大学生的研究部分地支持了这一假设:休育专业学生有更多的具体化自我表述,文理专业学生有更多的抽象化自我表述。但是,两类学生在自我定向和社会定向维度上并无差异。从社会文化和认知能力两个角度对这一结果进行了分析。研究结果还表明,女大学生有更多的抽象化自我表述,男大学生有更多的具体化自我表述。

关键词: 自我构念, 独立自我, 互联自我, 性别差异, 专业差异

Abstract: Based on cultural differences , Markus and Kitayama's (1991) self construal theory divided self concept into two parts f independent self and interdependent self. The present investigation hypothesized that the study of P. E. will cultivate the students' interdependent self because it involves more social interactions, whereas the study of Science and Art will cultivate the students' independent self because it involves more independent activities. Twenty Statement Test was administered to 258 university students and the result partly supported the hypothesis: P. E. majors made more concrete self-descriptions whereas Science and Art majors made more abstract self-descriptions . However, these two groups of students did not differ in self-focused and social-focused dimention. These results were discussed from perspectives ofsocial-cultural influence and cognitive ability. The present investigation also showed that female university students made more abstract self-descriptions whereas male university students made more concrete self-descriptions.

Key words: self construal, independent self, interdependent self, gender difference, major difference