ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 1992, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 38-47.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

11—14个月儿童的语言获得——成人的言语教授和儿童的模仿学习

许政援;郭小朝   

  1. 北京大学心理系 ,北京大学心理系
  • 发布日期:1992-06-25 出版日期:1992-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 许政援

ACQUISITION OF LANGUAGE IN 11-14 MONTHS OLD CHILDREN-ADULT'S TEACHING AND CHILDREN'S IMITATING

Xu Zhengyuan;Guo Xiaochao Department of Psychology, Beijing University   

  • Online:1992-06-25 Published:1992-06-25

摘要: 对儿童言语记录个案的分析表明:儿童在11—14个月期间开始获得词。此时儿童所获得的词,主要是与儿童日常生活或动作相联系的名词和动词,其次是象声词。这些词语87.5%来源于成人的言语教授和儿童相应的模仿学习。 成人的言语教授和儿童相应的模仿学习总是由成人结合情景进行的,具有很高的选择性。儿童对成人言语的学习并不是简单地模仿,而是有一定的主动性和创造性,这在一定程度上规定着成人言语教授的作用。由此可见,儿童言语的获得是在人类特有的大脑以及言语器官发育的基础上,在与人们交际过程中,经过成人的言语教授,并经儿童有选择的模仿学习和概括而成的。

关键词: 最初词的获得, 成人言语教授, 儿童模仿学习, 选择性, 主动性, 创造性

Abstract: The analysis of case records indicates that children acquire initial words at 11-14 months. Words that children get first are nouns and verbs which link with daily life and activities,then comes onomatopes. 87.5% of words and expressions children acquire in this period origi- nates from adult's teaching and children's relevant imitations. Generally adult's teaching matches with the situation and has high selection. Be- sides, children's learning is not simply imitation. Initiative and crea- tiveness is observed in the process of learning. This determines the role of adult's teaching to a certain extent. The results of this study show the factors and process of children's language acquisition.

Key words: acquisition of initial words, adult's language teaching, children's imitation, selectiveness, initiative, creativeness