咨询会谈中的人际互补及其与工作同盟、咨询效果的关系

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2020.00197

心理学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 197-206.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2020.00197

咨询会谈中的人际互补及其与工作同盟、咨询效果的关系

倪聪^1,²,朱旭²(),江光荣²,林秀彬²,于丽霞³,梁焕萍⁴

¹ 湖北经济学院心理健康教育中心, 武汉 430205
² 华中师范大学心理学院, 湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室, 青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室
³ 华中师范大学心理健康教育中心
⁴ 华中师范大学医院, 武汉 430079

收稿日期:2019-02-01 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2019-12-24
通讯作者: 朱旭 E-mail:xzhu@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
* 青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室开放课题(2018A02);教育部人文社科青年基金项目(14YJC190028);国家社会科学基金重大招标项目(16ZDA232)

Interpersonal complementarity in counseling and its relationship with working alliance and therapeutic outcomes

NI Cong^1,²,ZHU Xu²(),JIANG Guangrong²,LIN Xiubin²,YU Lixia³,LIANG Huanping⁴

¹ Mental Health Education Center, Hubei University of Economics, Wuhan, 430205, China
² School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430079, China
³ Mental Health Education Center, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
⁴ The Hospital of Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China;

Received:2019-02-01 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2019-12-24
Contact: Xu ZHU E-mail:xzhu@mail.ccnu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Leary的人际理论将人际互动行为划分为“情感”和“控制”两个维度, 互动双方在情感维度的一致性和控制维度的互补性统称为人际互补。为探究心理咨询过程中人际互补的发展趋势及其与工作同盟、咨询效果的关系, 采用电脑操纵杆方法, 编制《咨询会谈人际互补行为评分手册》, 对16个个案的48个心理咨询会谈录像进行评估。结果表明：有经验的咨询师在咨询前期的情感轴一致性高于中期和后期, 在咨询后期的控制轴互补性高于前期和中期, 新手咨询师的情感轴一致性和控制轴互补性均无阶段性差异; 咨询中期的情感轴一致性负向预测工作同盟和会谈深度; 情感轴一致性呈高-低-高发展趋势的个案咨询效果更好。结论: 心理咨询的人际互补三阶段模型得到一定程度的支持, 其作用机制有待进一步验证。

关键词: 人际互补, 工作同盟, 咨询效果, 电脑操纵杆

Abstract:

Leary’s circumplex model of interpersonal behavior categorizes the manifestation of personality in interpersonal interactions into two dimensions: affiliation (i.e., hostile-friendly) and control (i.e., dominant-submissive). Interpersonal complementarity refers to mutually adjusted and complementary behaviors along the affiliation and control dimensions during dyadic interactions, such that greater dominance in one partner invites greater submissiveness in the other (i.e., reciprocity) and greater friendliness invites greater friendliness (i.e., correspondence). The first aim of the study was to develop an assessment manual to reliably measure interpersonal complementarity using the computer joystick method. Using this innovative measurement method, the study tested the high-low-high pattern of interpersonal complementarity in early, middle and late stages of therapy sessions, and examined the relationships between interpersonal complementarity and therapists’ experience, working alliance, session depth and therapeutic outcomes.

Segments of early (first session), middle (sessions between first and last sessions), and late (last session) stages of session videos were selected from the “Directiveness Research” database from a university counseling center in central region of China. 48 selected segments were from 16 clients (5 male and 11 female) working with 13 therapists (3 male and 10 female) for 4 to 8 sessions (M = 5.8). Using the Interpersonal Complementarity Evaluation Manual of Counseling, two well-trained raters performed joystick assessments of interpersonal complementarity. In addition, therapists and clients filled out WAI-SR and SEQ after each session, and clients filled out OQ-45 at the start of treatment and one week after termination.

The results showed that: (1) Therapists’ experience and counseling stage had an interactive effect on interpersonal complementarity. Specifically, experienced therapists (more than 3 years of experience) showed higher correspondence of affiliation in the early stage than that in the middle and late stages, and higher complementarity of dominance in the late stage than that in the early and middle stages. In contrast, novice therapists (less than 3 years of experience) showed no significant change in interpersonal complementarity over the three stages; (2) In the middle stage, the affiliation correspondence negatively predicted working alliance and interpersonal complementarity negatively predicted session depth; (3) The cases with a high-low-high pattern of affiliation correspondence tended to have better therapeutic outcomes.

Results provided partial support for the three-stage high-low-high model of interpersonal complementarity in psychotherapy. Findings help shed light on the underlying mechanism of the three-stage model of interpersonal complementarity, because lower interpersonal complementarity uniquely predicted greater working alliance and session depth in the middle stage of therapy.

Key words: interpersonal complementarity, working alliance, therapeutic outcomes, computer joystick

中图分类号:

倪聪,朱旭,江光荣,林秀彬,于丽霞,梁焕萍. (2020). 咨询会谈中的人际互补及其与工作同盟、咨询效果的关系. 心理学报, 52(2), 197-206.

NI Cong,ZHU Xu,JIANG Guangrong,LIN Xiubin,YU Lixia,LIANG Huanping. (2020). Interpersonal complementarity in counseling and its relationship with working alliance and therapeutic outcomes. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 52(2), 197-206.

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咨询会谈中的人际互补及其与工作同盟、咨询效果的关系

Interpersonal complementarity in counseling and its relationship with working alliance and therapeutic outcomes

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[1]	朱旭;胡岳;江光荣. 心理咨询中工作同盟的发展模式与咨询效果[J]. 心理学报, 2015, 47(10): 1279-1287.
[2]	朱旭,江光荣. 当事人眼里的工作同盟：质的分析[J]. 心理学报, 2011, 43(04): 420-431.