ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (8): 890-902.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2019.00890

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

情绪效价、唤醒度和有无评价影响手部动作

唐日新(), 李佳佳, 王志鹏   

  1. 南京大学社会学院心理学系, 南京 210023
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-04 发布日期:2019-06-24 出版日期:2019-08-25
  • 通讯作者: 唐日新 E-mail:trxtrx518@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    * 国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(31571131)

Valence, arousal and appraisal of emotion influence the hand movement

TANG Rixin(), LI Jiajia, WANG Zhipeng   

  1. Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, China
  • Received:2018-06-04 Online:2019-06-24 Published:2019-08-25
  • Contact: TANG Rixin E-mail:trxtrx518@nju.edu.cn

摘要:

研究探讨情绪正-负效价、唤醒度水平(高、中、低)以及有意识评价对推拉动作的影响。分3个实验进行, 收集反应时(RT)和手部动作指标等。实验1使用正-负效价下高、中、低唤醒水平的图片进行评价并执行推-拉动作任务; 实验2使用中性图片和灰色空白图片完成相同任务; 实验3在不进行效价评估情况下完成推-拉动作。结果表明(1)情绪效价对反应时, 运动时间和到达峰速时间等有显著影响:向上拖动图片时, 消极图片拖得更快; 向下拖动时, 则积极图片更快。(2)情绪唤醒度调节情绪效价对推-拉动作的作用:唤醒度越高, 情绪效价尤其是负性情绪对推-拉动作的作用越大; 反之, 则作用越小。(3)无评价条件下, 情绪效价对推-拉动作无显著影响; 即情绪对动作的影响需要有意识评价的参与。这些结果说明情绪对推拉动作影响可能发生在早期, 不仅影响动作计划, 而且影响到随后动作的执行, 而高唤醒度和有意识评价增强了这种影响。

关键词: 接近-回避, 情绪, 手部动作, 唤醒, 评估

Abstract:

The positive-negative valence of emotion affecting hand movements toward or away from the body is known as the approach-avoidance effect. Previous studies have shown that the positive images elicit quicker reaction on approach movement while negative images are sensitive to the avoidance. However, few studies have focused on how emotion affects the complete process of the movement. In current research, the effects of valence, arousal and appraisal of emotion on the dragging movement were investigated.


A push-pull task was performed on a touch screen to evaluate the ramifications which emotion holds for hand movement. Twenty-four right-handed participants volunteered in Experiments 1 and 2, and fifteen of these participants continued Experiment 3 two months later. In Experiments 1 and 3, emotional pictures with half positive and half negative valences included equal numbers of high-, medium- and low- arousal images. Participants were required to drag pictures upward or downward with their index finger. Experiment 1 and 3 differed in that only in Experiment 1 did the participants evaluate the valence of pictures. Neutral pictures as well as grey blank images were exploited in Experiment 2 to rule out the effects of other factors.


Repeated-measured ANOVA and Paired t-tests were carried out. The results illustrate that (1) approaching (pulling) the positive pictures or avoiding (pushing) the negative ones yields faster dragging movement; (2) compared to medium and low arousal, high arousal enhances the emotional effect, especially in negative condition; (3) the emotional effect diminishes when participants did not evaluate the valence of images, and when neutral images (e.g., furniture) and grey blank images were displayed.


In conclusion, this study indicates that the emotion does not only affect the reaction time of approach-avoidance movement, but also affects the latter hand movement. In addition, arousal and appraisal play an important role in this effect. This result suggests that the effects of emotion on the dragging movement might happen at the early stage and thus both movement programming and motor control are influenced by emotions.

Key words: approach-avoidance, emotion, hand movement, arousal, appraisal

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