ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (10): 1151-1158.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2018.01151

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

社会支持对老年人社会幸福感的影响机制:希望与孤独感的中介作用

姚若松, 郭梦诗, 叶浩生()   

  1. 广州大学教育学院, 广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-26 发布日期:2018-08-23 出版日期:2018-10-15
  • 基金资助:
    * 教育部2015年重点课题(老年教育与青少年教育的对比研究:社会支持和希望对积极情绪体验的影响; 批准号:DBA150238)。

The mediating effects of hope and loneliness on the relationship between social support and social well-being in the elderly

YAO Ruosong, GUO Mengshi, YE Haosheng()   

  1. Department of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
  • Received:2017-09-26 Online:2018-08-23 Published:2018-10-15

摘要:

基于积极心理学, 采用问卷调查法, 对859名老年人进行调查, 探讨社会支持对老年人社会幸福感的影响机制, 并检验希望与孤独感的中介效应模型及其模型适用性, 借此构建四个变量之间的关系模型, 探索促进老年人心理健康发展的内在机制。结果表明:(1)社会支持、希望、孤独感与社会幸福感之间两两相关显著, 社会支持、希望和孤独感是影响老年人社会幸福感的重要因素; (2)社会支持通过希望对社会幸福感影响的中介效应显著; (3)社会支持通过孤独感对社会幸福感影响的中介效应显著; (4)在同时检验希望和孤独感在社会支持影响社会幸福感的多重中介效应时, 二者在社会支持和社会幸福感间均起部分中介作用。研究结果证实了社会支持影响社会幸福感及希望和孤独感部分中介作用的心理机制, 为提高老年人心理健康水平提供了参考建议。

关键词: 社会支持, 社会幸福感, 希望, 孤独感, 中介作用, 老年人

Abstract:

Aging is a complex process of physical, psychological and social changes. With the advent of the era of China’s aging, the physical and mental health of the elderly has drawn more and more attention by our society. Aging is set of unavoidable and irreversible processes, but it is possible to age gracefully. Successful aging has always been an important subject in positive psychology. It focuses on the development of the mental health of the elderly.

Based on the theory of positive psychology, the current study investigated the mediating effects of hope and loneliness on the relationship between perceived social support and social well-being in the elderly via a questionnaire survey. In addition, the indirect effect model of hope was verified to establish the relationship model among these three variables and to explore the internal mechanism that enhances the development of psychological well-being among the elderly.

The findings indicate the following: (1) social support, hope, and loneliness are all related to social well-being; (2) social support plays a vital role in social well-being among the elderly; (3) hope plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between social support and social well-being; (4) loneliness plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between social support and social well-being; and (5) hope and loneliness play part of the mediating role of the multiple mediating effects that social support affect social well-being.

The current study validates the impact of social support on social well-being and the partially mediating roles of hope and loneliness. Accordingly, this study enriches positive psychology research and can ease the psychological health of the elderly to provide an effective empirical basis, and it provides suggestions for the well-being education of the elderly. The study is beneficial to improving the mental health of the elderly in practice, to improve the awareness of the elderly for seeking social support, and promote the good mentality of elderly training. In addition, the study is helpful to reduce the negative experience of loneliness, enhance their hope for future life, and so improve the social well-being of older people.

Key words: social support, social well-being, hope, loneliness, intermediation, the elderly

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