ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 1355-1367 .doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2013.01355

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

从婚姻关系到亲子关系:父母情绪表达的中介作用

梁宗保;张光珍;邓慧华;宋媛;郑文明;孙铃   

  1. (1东南大学学习科学研究中心/儿童发展与学习科学教育部重点实验室, 南京 210096) (2苏州市立医院儿童保健科, 苏州 215002) (3中央财经大学社会发展学院心理学系, 北京 100081)
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-24 发布日期:2013-12-25 出版日期:2013-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 梁宗保;张光珍
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目(61231002); 教育部人文社会科学一般项目青年基金(10YJCXLX057; 10YJCXLX026); 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130609)。

Links between Marital Relationship and Child-Parent Relationship: Mediating Effects of Parents’ Emotional Expressiveness

LIANG Zongbao;ZHANG Guangzhen;DENG Huihua;SONG Yuan;ZHENG Wenming;SUN Ling   

  1. (1 Research Center for Learning Science/Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China) (2 Department of Child Health Care, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China) (3 Central University of Finance & Economics, School of Social Development, Department of Psychology, Beijing, 100081, China)
  • Received:2013-01-24 Online:2013-12-25 Published:2013-12-25
  • Contact: LIANG Zongbao;ZHANG Guangzhen

摘要:

通过追踪研究, 采用问卷法考察了454名学前儿童的父母婚姻关系质量、父母情绪表达与亲子关系的作用机制。路径分析的结果表明:(1)在控制了第一年父子亲密性后, 第一年的夫妻婚姻关系质量不能直接预测第三年父子亲密性, 而是完全通过第二年父亲的情绪表达作用于第三年父子亲密性, 第二年母亲情绪表达在第一年夫妻婚姻关系质量与第三年父子亲密性之间的中介作用不显著。(2)在控制了第一年母子亲密性后, 第二年母亲的积极情绪表达在第一年的夫妻婚姻关系质量与第三年的母子亲密性之间起着完全中介作用, 而第二年母亲消极情绪表达的中介作用不显著, 第二年父亲情绪表达在第一年夫妻婚姻关系质量与第三年母子亲密性之间的中介作用不显著。

关键词: 婚姻质量, 亲子关系, 父母情绪表达, 家庭系统, 中介作用

Abstract:

Family is viewed as a hierarchically organized system, which is comprised of marital, parental and sibling subsystems. The interaction of family subsystems is important for understanding children’s social development. Although numerous studies have indicated that marital and child-parent relationship are interrelated, it is unclear how marital relationship influences child-parent relationship. Researchers have argued that marital relationship impacts child-parent relationship through parenting behavior. Parents who experience harmonious marriage tend to exhibit sensitive parenting, and develop warm parent-child relationship, while parents who experience conflictive marital relationship may exhibit harsh parenting, and develop low quality parent-child relationship. In addition, parental emotional socialization behavior may serve as a mediator of links between marital relationship and child-parent relationship; marital conflict or ambivalence is associated with parents’ negative expressiveness, and a supportive marital relationship is associated with parents’ positive expressiveness. Positive or negative parental expressiveness in turn may affect parent-child relationships. The current longitudinal study explored the mediating effects of parental emotional expressiveness in family on relations between marital relationship and parent-child relationship during three preschool years. We hypothesized that parents with a good quality marital relationship would display more positive emotional expressiveness and inhibit negative emotional expressiveness in the family, which result in good relationships with their children. Four hundred and fifty four preschoolers (254 boys and 200 girls, Mage = 50.92 months, SD = 4.21 at the first stage) and their parents participated in this study. Fathers and mothers reported their marital quality and emotional expressiveness, and rated their relationships with their child. The path analysis revealed that paternal positive and negative emotional expressiveness and maternal positive emotional expressiveness in the second year completely mediated the relation between marital quality in the first year and child-parent intimacy in the third year when intimate child-father relationship or intimate child-mother relationship were controlled in the first year. Specifically, father who experienced higher marital quality in the first year tended to express more positive emotions and less negative emotions in family in the second year, and had more intimate child-father relationship in the third year when intimate child-father relationship in the first year was controlled. However, maternal negative emotional expressiveness in the first year did not mediate the relation between marital quality in the second year and intimate child-father relationship in the third year. Moreover, mother who experienced higher marital quality in the first year tended to express more positive emotions in family in the second year, and had more intimacy child-mother relationship in the third year when intimate child-mother relationship in the first year was controlled, and paternal negative emotional expressiveness in the first year did not mediate the relation between marital quality in the second year and intimate child-mother relationship in the third year. We discussed the results from the family system and parental emotional socialization perspectives, and provided suggestions for family education.

Key words: marital quality, child-parent relationship, parental emotional expressiveness, family system, mediating effect