ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B
主办:中国心理学会
   中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 1015-1025.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2013.01015

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

外化行为问题与集体道德情绪、集体责任行为之关系:班级氛围的调节效应

李丹;宗利娟;刘俊升   

  1. (上海师范大学心理学系, 上海 200234)
  • 收稿日期:2012-09-10 发布日期:2013-09-25 出版日期:2013-09-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘俊升
  • 基金资助:

    国家社科基金一般项目(12BSH056)、教育部人文社科规划基金一般项目(08JAXLX012)和上海师范大学校级重点学科项目资助。

The Relationship between Externalizing Behavior Problem and Collective Moral Emotion and Responsibility: The Moderate Effects of Class Climate

LI Dan;ZONG Lijuan;LIU Junsheng   

  1. (Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China)
  • Received:2012-09-10 Online:2013-09-25 Published:2013-09-25
  • Contact: LIU Junsheng

摘要: 采用调查法, 随机选取上海市3所普通中小学四、六、八、十年级的755名学生为被试, 探讨班级氛围在外化行为问题与集体道德情绪、集体责任行为关系间的调节作用。结果表明:(1)男生的外化行为问题显著高于女生, 其感知的班级氛围显著低于女生。而男、女生集体道德情绪与集体责任行为的性别差异不显著; (2)学生感知的班级氛围随年龄的增长先下降再上升, 八年级时最低; 集体道德情绪和集体责任行为随着年级的增高而呈下降趋势, 小学生(四、六年级)的集体道德情绪和集体责任行为得分均比中学生(八、十年级)高, 高一(十年级)学生的得分处于最低水平; (3)外化行为问题与集体道德情绪、集体责任行为的关系受班级氛围的调节。与消极的班级氛围相比, 积极的班级氛围能够弱化外化行为问题与集体道德情绪、集体责任行为的负向关联。结果揭示了积极的班级氛围对外化行为问题学生具有一定的保护作用, 有助于改善这些学生的社会适应能力。

关键词: 外化行为问题, 班级氛围, 集体道德情绪, 集体责任行为

Abstract: Externalizing behavior problem is a set of behaviors that represent negative response to the social environment. Externalizing behavior problems are moderately stable, yet changeable. Researchers and professionals have considered how parenting styles, parent involvement, and children’s social skills and peer relationships are associated with externalizing problems, but little is known about the relations between children’s academic environment – class climate – and externalizing problems. According to Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system theory, positive class climate may help reduce children’s behavior problems. Class is an important environment for students’ social and academic activities. Class climate influences not only students’ academic achievement, but also their social attitudes and functioning including behaviors, moral emotions, social responsibility, and their relations. The purpose of the study was to examine the moderating effect of class climate on the relations between externalizing behavior problem and collective moral emotion and collective responsibility. Participants included 755 students sampled from 4th, 6th, 8th and 10th grade of three schools in Shanghai. The students were asked to fill several questionnaires concerning the perceptions of class climate, collective moral emotions, and collective responsibility. In this study, class climate was a group-level variable, indexed by standardized total scores of the scale. Students’ externalizing behavior problems were rated, on a 5-point scale, by their head teacher, the scores were standardized within the class to allow for appropriate comparisons. The results first indicated that boys had higher scores than girls on the measure of externalizing behavior problems, but lower scores than girls on perceived classroom climate. No significant gender differences were found on either collective moral emotion or collective responsibility. Second, externalizing behavior problems were moderately stable. No significant grade differences were found. Students in 8th grade had the lowest scores on perceived class climate. Scores on collective moral emotion and collective responsibility decreased with age. Third, class climate moderated the relations between externalizing behavior problems and collective moral emotion and collective responsibility. Positive class climate weakened the negative relations between externalizing behavior problem and collective moral emotion and collective responsibility. The results indicate that positive class climate is a protective factor for children who have externalizing behavior problems. Developing a positive class climate helps children to experience collective moral emotion and display responsible behavior, which in turn may improve their social functioning in school.

Key words: externalizing behavior problem, class climate, collective moral emotion, collective responsibility