| Posner & Snyder (1975) | 自动激活系统(automatic activation system) | 意识加工系统(conscious processing system) |
| Shiffrin & Schneider (1977) | 自动加工过程(automatic processing) | 控制加工过程(controlled processing) |
| Johnson-Laird (1983) | 内隐推理(implicit inferences) | 外显推理(explicit inferences) |
| Evans (1984, 1989) | 启发式过程(heuristic processing) | 分析式过程(analytic processing) |
| Pollock (1991) | 快速和灵活模块(quick and inflexible modules) | 智力(intellection) |
| Reber (1993) | 内隐认知 (implicit cognition) | 外显学习(explicit learning) |
| Epstein (1973, 1994) | 经验系统(experiential system) | 理性系统(rational system) |
| Levinson (1995) | 交互智力(interactional intelligence) | 分析智力(analytic intelligence) |
| Sloman (1996) | 联想系统(associative system) | 规则系统(rule-based system) |
| Evans & Over (1996) | 内隐思维过程(tacit thought processes) | 外显思维过程(explicit thought processes) |
| Hammond (1996) | 直觉认知(intuitive cognition) | 分析认知(analytical cognition) |
| Klein (1998) | 预先认知决策(recognition-primed decisions) | 理性选择策略(rational choice strategy) |
| Stanovich & West (2000) | 系统1 (System 1) | 系统2 (System 2) |
| De Neys (2006) | 自动启发式加工(Automatic-heuristic processing) | 执行分析式加工(executive-analytic processing) |
| Evans (2011) | 直觉加工(Intuitive processing) | 反思性加工(Reflective processing) |
| 特征 | 联想的(associative) | 以规则为基础的(rule-based) |
| 整体性(holistic) | 分析性(analytic) |
| 自动的(automatic) | 控制性的(controlled) |
| 不需要认知能力(relatively undemanding of cognitive capacity) | 需要认知能力(demanding of cognitive capacity) |
| 快速的(relatively fast) | 缓慢的(relatively slow) |
通过生理、暴露和个体经验获得(acquisition
by biology, exposure, and personal experience) | 通过文化和形式指导获得(acquisition by cultural and formal tuition) |