ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (2): 268-275.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00268

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

道德情绪:探寻道德与创造力关系的新视角

王博韬(), 魏萍()   

  1. 西安电子科技大学心理健康教育中心, 西安 710126
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-18 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2020-12-29
  • 通讯作者: 王博韬,魏萍 E-mail:527516769@qq.com;pwei@xidian.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金青年项目(19CSH047);教育部人文社科基金(19YJC190028);中央高校基本科研业务费(RW150111);中央高校基本科研业务费(RW210101)

Moral emotion: A new perspective on the relationship between morality and creativity

WANG Botao(), WEI Ping()   

  1. Mental Health Education Center, Xidian University, Xi’an 710126, China
  • Received:2020-03-18 Online:2021-02-15 Published:2020-12-29
  • Contact: WANG Botao,WEI Ping E-mail:527516769@qq.com;pwei@xidian.edu.cn

摘要:

先前有关道德与创造力的关系研究多关注道德的认知与行为差异对创造力产生的影响, 但研究结果却存在较大的分歧。为此, 研究从道德情绪的视角, 对二者的关系进行了系统地梳理, 发现道德情绪存在: 以情绪效价调节创造性认知; 激发道德动机, 中介人格与创造力的关系; 引发自我觉察, 促进顿悟与创造性成就的产生; 提升心理资本, 影响不同创造力特性的表达等, 多种影响个体创造力的路径。这表明, 与道德认知和行为相比, 道德情绪不仅能更加全面准确地体现出个体实际的道德活动、促进符合道德标准的创造力产生; 还为人们解释道德与创造力的关系提供了多样的路径与可能。未来需继续加深对道德情绪及其内在机制的理解、通过系统性地选取创造性任务, 明确道德情绪、道德与创造力之间的关系, 寻找道德培养与创造力激发的新模式。

关键词: 道德情绪, 创造力, 道德, 创造性认知, 创造力成就, 黑暗创造力

Abstract:

Studies on the relationship between morality and creativity have often distinguished individuals’ moral levels by using standards of moral cognition and moral behaviors, and therefore explored the influence of morality on creativity. However, results are often inconsistent and even contradictory. One possible reason may due to errors from moral measurements, since people are likely to modify their responses to questions for moral cognition or behaviors according to social expectations. Thus, the present study intends to use moral emotions as a new perspective to explore the relationship between morality and creativity. Results indicated that creativity can be affected by moral emotions in many potential pathways:
First,moral emotions may affect the range of attention and regulate the level of cognitive processing in participants’ brain through their different emotional valence, and then, to affect participants’ creativity performance. For instance, the positive emotional valence which is contained in positive moral emotions can significantly improve the range of attention and the flexibility of individuals’ cognition shortly. It may also help participants to generate more remote concept association in their mind. All these changes will assist individuals to express their creativity better. On the contrary, the negative emotional valence which is contained in negative moral emotions may significantly narrow the scope of individuals’ attention, reducing their cognitive flexibility, and therefor hindering participants to generate their creativity ideas.
Second, moral emotions may activate moral motivations and mediate the influence of personality on creativity. Positive moral emotions and some negative moral emotions which arouse individuals' willingness to correct or make up for their own faults (such as guilt), will enhance individuals' prosocial motivations, making participants to exhibit more moral and altruistic behaviors as well as enlarging the effects of positive personality traits on creativity. On the other side, other negative moral emotions which arouse individuals’ feelings of powerless and helpless (such as shame), will decrease individuals’ moral motivations. In this case, moral motivations will reduce individuals’ prosocial behaviors and finally impair the effect of positive personality traits on creativity.
   Third, moral emotions may promote individuals to produce more insights and get better creative achievements as it can elicit people to introspect. Moral emotions are also called "self-awareness emotions." Whether positive or negative, moral emotions will guide individuals to switch their attention, focusing on internal self-value and evaluation, rather than the external environment. A series of studies from Kounios et al showed that good self-awareness, the internal integration and coordination for ego, can be viewed as a powerful guarantee to promote the occurrence of insight and to increase the probability of individuals to adopt creative methods for solving problems.
    In addition, moral emotions can also increase individuals' psychological capital and affect people to express different creative characteristics. Specifically, people who often experience positive moral emotions, such as pride and gratitude, are more likely to generate positive attitude toward environment, society and themselves. They tend to own more optimistic and open-mind attitudes and are able to maintain their mental health in good conditions. These characteristics not only promote people to express their positive creativity, making more useful and valued creative products for society, but also reduce crisis events for mental health and inhibit individuals to conceive the evil and dark creativity in life.
Future researches should deeply understand the characters and mechanism of moral emotions; explore the relationships among morality, moral emotions and creativity; and look for new models of moral and creative cultivation.


Key words: moral emotion, creativity, morality, creative process, creative achievement, malevolent creativity

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