ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 278-288.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.00278

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

早期听觉剥夺后的大脑可塑性:来自先天性听力障碍群体的证据

张畅芯()   

  1. 华东师范大学教育学部教育康复学系, 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-05 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2018-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 张畅芯 E-mail:changxin_zhang@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    * 中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学青年预研究项目“先天聋儿中枢听觉处理能力特征及干预策略研究”(2017ECNU-YYJ045);上海市青年科技英才扬帆计划资助项目“基于虚拟现实场景的训练对于提升听障儿童希望感的作用研究”(16YF1403300)

Brain plasticity under early auditory deprivation: Evidence from congenital hearing-impaired people

ZHANG Changxin()   

  1. Department of Education and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2018-05-05 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2018-12-25
  • Contact: ZHANG Changxin E-mail:changxin_zhang@126.com

摘要:

皮层功能的正常发展依赖于充分的外部感觉信息的输入。先天性听力障碍群体由于经历早期听觉剥夺, 皮层功能往往出现异常。具体表现为初级听皮层功能退化, 初级、次级听皮层的功能连接变弱, 次级听皮层出现跨通道功能重组; 在后天听力重建后听皮层功能重组仍然存在, 言语加工需要更多高级认知资源的补偿。已有研究在探讨听力重建后皮层的长期可塑性机制、复杂声学环境下言语加工机制、汉语言加工独特性等方面尚不深入, 值得进一步研究。

关键词: 早期听觉剥夺, 大脑可塑性, 听觉皮层, 跨通道功能重组

Abstract:

The development of cerebral cortical depends on the input of external sensory stimuli. Due to early auditory deprivation, congenital hearing-impaired people often have disorders in cortical function. The function of their primary auditory cortex is degraded, the functional connectivity between the primary and the secondary auditory cortex is weakened, and the secondary auditory cortex experience cross-modal reorganization. After hearing restoration, the cross-modal function reorganization remains in the secondary auditory cortex, and speech processing requires complementary higher cognitive resource. Future studies are needed on the long-term plasticity of cortex, the mechanism of speech processing under complex auditory environment, and the uniqueness of Chinese language processing after hearing reconstruction.

Key words: early auditory deprivation, brain plasticity, auditory cortex, cross-modal reorganization

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