ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 237-243.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

演绎推理是基于规则还是模型?——来自空间推理的证据

张小将; 刘昌; 刘迎杰   

  1. 南京师范大学教育科学学院暨认知神经科学实验室, 南京 210097
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-07 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-02-15 发布日期:2010-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘昌

Are Deductions Built Upon Rules or Models?——Evidences from Data on Spatial Reasoning

ZHANG Xiao-Jiang; LIU Chang; LIU Ying-Jie   

  1. Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience and School of Educational Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
  • Received:2009-07-07 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-02-15 Published:2010-02-15
  • Contact: LIU Chang

摘要: 对空间推理的研究有助于探明其加工机制以及验证心理逻辑理论和心理模型理论。行为研究通过考察多种影响空间推理的因素(如心理模型数量、前提的对象顺序等)证实了心理模型理论的预测。脑成像的研究表明, 空间推理活动主要激活枕-顶-额脑区网络, 顶区可能是推理的特异性脑区。研究的结果同样支持心理模型理论。未来的研究应该整合演绎推理的不同理论, 加强对不同演绎推理任务的研究, 并将脑成像技术与EEG或ERP结合起来, 进一步探明人类空间推理的机制。

关键词: 空间推理, 心理模型理论, 心理逻辑理论, 功能磁共振成像, 正电子发射断层扫描

Abstract: Studies on spatial reasoning can promote the understanding of its processing mechanism and the testing of the theories of reasoning. Results of behavioral studies have indicated that many factors affect the processing of reasoning. These factors include numbers of mental model, the order of premise terms, and so on. Outcomes of behavioral researches have proved the validity of the mental model theory. Brain-imaging studies show that spatial reasoning problems elicit occipital–parietal–frontal network. The parietal cortex is possibly specific to spatial reasoning. Results of brain-imaging studies also agree with the mental model theory. The studies in the future should integrate the three theories of reasoning, strengthen studies of other deductions, and combine EEG or ERP with brain-imaging techniques, so that we can understand much more about the mechanism of spatial reasoning.

Key words: spatial reasoning, Mental model theory, Mental logic theory, fMRI, PET