ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (2): 220-229.

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反应抑制的心理加工模型与神经机制

王琰; 蔡厚德   

  1. 南京师范大学教科院脑与行为实验室, 南京 210097
  • 收稿日期:2009-07-08 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-02-15 发布日期:2010-02-15
  • 通讯作者: 蔡厚德

Mental Processing Models and Neural Mechanisms for Response Inhibition

WANG Yan; CAI Hou-De   

  1. Lab of Brain and Behavior, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097,China
  • Received:2009-07-08 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-02-15 Published:2010-02-15
  • Contact: CAI Hou-De

摘要: 反应抑制是指抑制不符合当前需要的或不恰当行为反应的能力, 也是执行控制加工的重要成分。解释反应抑制的心理加工模型有两种: 反应与抑制相互独立的赛马模型和交互作用的赛马模型。近年来对反应抑制神经机制的研究表明: 额叶-基底神经节系统内的超直接通路和间接通路可能共同负责对优势反应的抑制, 而额下回、辅助运动区/辅助运动前区和前部扣带回皮层等脑区可能是抑制控制的关键脑区; 反应抑制与反应选择、工作记忆和注意的神经加工之间存在密切联系, 它们的激活脑区既相互重叠, 又相互区别; 右背外侧前额皮层的激活可能反映与抑制任务相关的注意和工作记忆的加工。未来的研究需要将脑损伤、神经功能成像和经颅磁刺激等多种技术结合起来, 进一步阐明上述脑区在反应抑制中的相互作用机制。

关键词: 反应抑制, 赛马模型, 额叶-基底神经节模型, 反应选择, 工作记忆, 注意

Abstract: Response inhibition refers to the ability to suppress responses that are no longer required or inappropriate. It is also considered to be a key component of processing for executive control. Two models are proposed to explain the mental processing mechanisms for response inhibition, one is called the race-horse model which assumes that response and inhibition was independent of each other, and the other is the interactive horse-race mode which hypothesizes that response and inhibition were interactive. In recent years, neural mechanisms of response inhibition studies have shown that the hyperdirect pathway and the indirect pathway in front-basal ganglia system could be jointly responsible for suppressing advantage responses, and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), supplementary motor area/pre-supplementary motor area (SMA/ pre-SMA) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) might be the key brain areas for inhibition control. Moreover, there has been a closely association between response inhibition and response selection, working memory, and attention, as the brain activated by them are not only overlapped but also differentiated each other. In addition, the activation in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex could reflect the processing of attention and working memory associated with response inhibition. Further research is required to combine various techniques, such as brain damage, functional neural imaging and TMS, to clarify the interaction mechanisms of the above mentioned brain regions in response inhibition.

Key words: response inhibition, the race-horse models, the frontal-basal ganglia model, response selection, working memory, attention