ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (1): 55-64.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的“冷”“热”执行功能

张微; 徐精敏; 宋红艳   

  1. 华中师范大学心理学院暨湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室, 武汉 430079
  • 收稿日期:2009-06-13 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-01-15 发布日期:2010-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 张微

The “Cool” and “Hot” Executive Functions of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

ZHANG Wei; XU Jing-Min; SONG Hong-Yan   

  1. School of Psychology, Huazhong Normal University, Hubei Province Key Lab for Human Development and Mental Health; Wuhan 430079, China
  • Received:2009-06-13 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-01-15 Published:2010-01-15
  • Contact: ZHANG Wei

摘要: 近30多年来, 对注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的认知缺损机制的关注一直停留在“冷”执行功能领域, 为更全面地揭示其执行缺损机制, 文章旨在从“冷”“热”执行功能的角度来探讨ADHD的缺陷。论文简要回顾了注意缺陷多动障碍的界定、生理基础和若干理论模型, 着重阐述ADHD儿童在经典“冷”“热”两类执行功能任务上的表现差异。总结认为ADHD儿童并非在所有类型的“热”执行任务上表现落后, ADHD儿童的表现要视情感和动机的卷入对不同任务情景的作用性质是消极还是积极而定, 文章也比较分析了几位研究者相关的理论解释。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, “冷”执行功能, “热”执行功能, 动机

Abstract: In recent 30 years, continued attention has been paid to the "cool" areas of executive function (“cool”EF) of the cognitive deficit mechanisms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In order to reveal the mechanisms of EF deficits of ADHD more comprehensively, this article reconsiders EF in light of distinctions between "hot" and "cool" executive function. It takes a brief review of the diagnosis, physiological basis and several theoretical models of ADHD, and focuses on the differences in the performance of ADHD children from the aspects of the classic "cool" and "hot" executive function tasks. It is found that ADHD children are not laggard in all types of "hot" EF tasks. The involving of “hot” EF promotes the performance in the “cool” EF task of ADHD, which depends on the involvement of emotion and motivation bringing a negative or a positive impact on different task scenarios. Likewise, the article compares and analyzes several theoretical explanations related to the “hot” EF of ADHD.

Key words: ADHD, “cool” EF, “hot” EF, motivation