ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (8): 1208-1221.

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方向感的加工机制及影响因素

许琴;罗宇;刘嘉   

  1. 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2009-06-06 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-08-15 发布日期:2010-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 罗宇

The Mechanism of Sense of Direction and Its Modulating Factors

XU Qin;LUO Yu;LIU Jia   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University Beijing, 100875, China
  • Received:2009-06-06 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-08-15 Published:2010-08-15
  • Contact: LUO Yu

摘要: 方向感是一种定位当前位置、确定前往目的地的方向及选择相应路线的能力, 与人们的日常生活和国家航空航天事业的发展有着密切联系。方向感的认知加工包括外部信息输入、内部表征建立和信息整合三个过程, 综合方向感的各加工过程的研究结果形成的方向感认知结构模型将有助于研究者全面认识其加工机制。大脑是实现方向感加工的载体, 当前对方向感神经机制的研究主要有正常人的行为实验、脑成像研究以及脑损伤病人研究三方面, 根据这三方面的研究总结得出的神经网络结构清楚地展示了方向感在大脑中的加工过程。方向感的发生和发展受到了先天遗传和后天环境的影响, 因此了解方向感的遗传基础是了解其加工机制的关键之一。遗传影像学近来取得的重大进展推动了基因、大脑和行为研究的结合, 这将是未来方向感加工机制研究的主要方向之一。

关键词: 方向感, 认知地图, 空间表征, 遗传影像学

Abstract: Sense of direction is the ability to locate current position, to determine the direction to destination, and to choose right route. This ability is closely related with not only people’s daily life but also the development of aeronautics. Sense of direction consists of three cognitive processes: information input, internal representation and information integration. A cognitive model is presented to illustrate the whole process of sense of direction. The neural mechanism of sense of direction is discussed by summarizing behavioral and neuroimaging studies of normal and brain-damaged patients. A neural network structure is set to incorporate those findings. Moreover, after examining the influences from environment, training and inheritance on sense of direction, candidate genes for sense of direction in human are suggested. Future researches will be benefited from the genetic neuroimaging.

Key words: sense of direction, cognitive map, spatial representation, genetic neuroimaging