ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2010, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (12): 1872-1881.

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自我观的新形式:有关自悯的研究论述

张耀华;刘聪慧;董研   

  1. 中国人民大学心理系, 北京 100872
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-15 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2010-12-15 发布日期:2010-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘聪慧

The New Form of Self-Views: A Review of Self-Compassion Research

ZHANG Yao-Hua;LIU Cong-Hui;DONG Yan   

  1. Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
  • Received:2010-01-15 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2010-12-15 Published:2010-12-15
  • Contact: LIU Cong-Hui

摘要: 由于自尊并不能完全地预见个体心理健康的程度, 许多研究者提出了新的构念。本文介绍了其中的努力之一, 在吸收东方佛学思想的基础上, Neff于2003年提出了自悯这种新的自我观形式。文章介绍了自悯的成分, 即自我友善、普遍人性感和正念以及相关的研究方法; 然后, 从早期经验、社会文化的角度讨论了自悯的影响来源; 在心理功能方面, 自悯能有效地帮助个体应对负性事件, 增强积极的心理品质和力量, 对人际知觉和互动也有重要影响。自悯的这些积极功能已经在临床上得到了运用。最后, 对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 自悯, 自尊, 正念, 自我观

Abstract: Because self-esteem does not represent individual mental health, lots of researchers try to refine self-esteem or propose new constructs. One construct among others is self-compassion—a new form of self-views, which derives from the Buddhism. The authors introduce its components (i.e., self-kindness, the sense of common humanity, and mindfulness) and research methods. Then the influencing factors in terms of early experience and social culture are discussed. From the perspective of mental functioning, the review demonstrates that self-compassion can help individuals cope with the negative life events, strengthen the positive mental qualities and have an effect on the interpersonal interactions. In the end, the future trends are suggested.

Key words: self-compassion, self-esteem, mindfulness, self-view