ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 450-459.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00450

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

涉空对话中表征对齐的产生机制

余萌, 李晶()   

  1. 南京师范大学心理学院, 南京 210097
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-26 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 李晶 E-mail:lij@njnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31200776);国家自然科学基金(41871371);江苏省高校自然科学基金(17KJ190002);江苏省高校优秀中青年教师和校长境外研修计划;南京师范大学引进人才启动经费资助

The mechanism of representational alignment in spatial dialogue

YU Meng, LI Jing()   

  1. School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
  • Received:2020-05-26 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-01-26
  • Contact: LI Jing E-mail:lij@njnu.edu.cn

摘要:

人类如何处理并交换空间信息是现有空间认知领域的热点问题, 这一过程主要是通过涉空对话实现的。在涉空对话中存在着表征对齐现象, 互动双方在对话中会实现空间术语、空间参照系及空间视角等表征的对齐。空间场景物理特征和人与人的协作都会影响表征对齐的程度, 而实现表征对齐的生理基础是对话双方神经活动的一致性。未来可继续探究表征对齐的作用机制, 如与个体空间偏好的关系, 以及合作伙伴特征如何影响表征对齐的程度等。

关键词: 涉空对话, 空间协作, 交互对齐模型, 表征对齐

Abstract:

How do people process and communicate spatial information with others in spatial dialogue is a widely studied issue in the domain of spatial cognition. People would think about spatial relationships and try to communicate with others to achieve goals together, such as plan to get from point A to point B. The scholars have found that there is a common phenomenon in spatial dialogue that people who communicate with their partners in spatial dialogue will achieve alignment at different representational levels, such as spatial terms, spatial frames of reference, and viewing perspectives. In particular, the listeners would repeat the spatial representation what their partners used in previous dialogue. Why the alignment of spatial representations can be achieved?According to the Interaction Alignment model and the Common Point Theory, It’s because that people want to achieve the lowest cost of collaboration. The physiological basis for realizing representational alignment is the consistency of the neural activities of the speakers and listeners.

There are two factors that affect the alignment of representations in spatial dialogues, one is the physical characteristics of the spatial scene, and the other is the collaboration between people. In terms of the former, the spatial layout of objects will affect the degree of alignment of representations. A spatial layout with a certain internal structure will strengthen the alignment of representations and promote a other-centric representation. And speakers prefer to provide their partners clear direction information based on functional relationship to clarify the location and direction of the object in space. In terms of the latter, firstly, there is an obvious language initiation phenomenon in the alignment of spatial language representations. Secondly, the assessment of the relative spatial cognition of the partners affects how the interlocutors actually represent the spatial relationship. Finally, the relative body position of the partner also affects the way the spatial representation is selected.

In the future, we can continue to explore the mechanism of representation alignment. For example, researchers can develop a more ecologically valid spatial collaboration paradigm, such as investigate the neural mechanisms of online spatial dialogue with fMRI, event-related potentials and other technologies. Furthermore, researchers can explore the relationship between representation alignment and individual spatial preferences. Moreover, scholars can also examine the how people encode and represent spatial relationships in spatial dialogue.

Key words: spatial dialogue, spatial collaboration, interactive alignment model, representational alignment

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