新生儿语音感知的神经基础:元分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2020.01273

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

语言习得能力是人类在进化中获得的重要能力之一。语言认知的核心功能是语音加工, 因此, 语音加工的脑机制是认知心理学研究的重要课题。我们采用元分析方法, 对使用近红外技术考察新生儿语音感知的结构检测、偏差检测和母语感知的研究进行系统的定量分析, 探究新生儿的典型语音感知脑机制以及这三类语音加工相关脑区的异同。结果显示, 左侧额下回是新生儿检测语音结构的关键脑区; 双侧颞叶在新生儿语音偏差刺激检测中发挥关键作用; 新生儿的母语语音加工存在左侧化优势。

关键词: 语音感知, 新生儿, 元分析, 额下回, 颞上回

Abstract:

Speech processing is the core function of language cognition, and the brain mechanism of speech processing are an important topic in linguistics and cognitive psychology. However, it is unclear that how the newborn's brain perceives speech. The purpose of this review is to investigate the brain mechanism of speech perception in newborns. We found that human beings have a relatively well-developed speech processing mechanism during the neonatal period. While the left frontal lobe (especially the inferior frontal gyrus) plays an important role in detecting speech structure, the bilateral temporal lobes are responsible for detecting speech deviation. In addition, the left hemisphere has an advantage in mother tongue perception.

Key words: speech perception, neonate, meta-analysis, superior temporal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus

中图分类号:

B844
B845

陈钰, 莫李澄, 毕蓉, 张丹丹. (2020). 新生儿语音感知的神经基础:元分析. 心理科学进展 , 28(8), 1273-1281.

CHEN Yu, MO Licheng, BI Rong, ZHANG Dandan. (2020). The brain mechanism of speech perception in newborns: A meta-analysis. Advances in Psychological Science, 28(8), 1273-1281.

图/表 7

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文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Ferry et al., 2016	32	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.66
Gervain et al., 2008	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.33
Gervain et al., 2012	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.34
Gervain et al., 2012	20	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.37
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.39
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.41
Kudo et al., 2011	18	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.54

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Ferry et al., 2016	32	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.66
Gervain et al., 2008	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.33
Gervain et al., 2012	22	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.34
Gervain et al., 2012	20	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.37
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.39
Gómez et al., 2014	24	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额	0.41
Kudo et al., 2011	18	特殊结构 > 一般结构	双侧颞-额(左额激活最大)	0.54

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Arimitsu et al., 2011	14	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.47
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.51
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.62
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2013	6	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	1.03
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2017	19	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.44
Sambeth, 2009	10	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.87

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Arimitsu et al., 2011	14	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.47
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.51
Carlier-Torres et al., 2014	13	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.62
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2013	6	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	1.03
Mahmoudzadeh et al., 2017	19	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.44
Sambeth, 2009	10	偏差刺激 > 标准刺激	双颞	0.87

文献	N	对比条件(contrast)	主要激活位置	效应量
Pe?a et al., 2003	12	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	0.65
Sato et al., 2012	17	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	0.28
Vannasing et al., 2016	27	左颞 > 右颞	左颞	2.73