ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 994-1003.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2020.00994

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

合作行为中的“眼睛效应”:解释机制与限制因素

吴琴, 崔丽莹()   

  1. 上海师范大学教育学院心理学系, 上海 200234
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-06 出版日期:2020-06-15 发布日期:2020-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 崔丽莹 E-mail:cui720926@163.com

The “watching-eyes effect” in cooperative behavior: Potential mechanisms and limiting factors

WU Qin, CUI Liying()   

  1. Department of Psychology, College of Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Received:2019-06-06 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-04-22
  • Contact: CUI Liying E-mail:cui720926@163.com

摘要:

呈现眼睛特征的图片就能使人的行为发生变化的现象称为眼睛效应。眼睛效应存在于多种社会现象中, 合作行为中的眼睛效应已被多种实验证明, 其原理可从声誉机制、规则机制、奖惩机制及认知机制等视角予以解释。眼睛效应的发生受在场他人、任务类型、个体公众意识及群体身份、线索呈现方式等因素的限制。目前有关眼睛效应的稳定性仍存在较多争议, 未来需要从性别和文化等个体或群体差异、脑生理机制、社会应用价值等方面进行深入研究。

关键词: 合作行为, 眼睛效应, 注视眼

Abstract:

The watching-eyes effect is a phenomenon where an individual’s behavior changes in response to images depicting eyes. Multiple experiments have shown that this effect occurs during cooperative behavior. Several psychological processes can explain the watching-eyes effect, including reputation, the rule mechanism, reward and punishment, as well as various cognitive mechanisms. Additionally, some factors seem to limit the effect, including presence of others, task type, individual public consciousness, group identity, and cue (i.e., eyes image) presentation method. Currently, the stability of the watching-eyes effect remains controversial. Thus, future studies should examine individual or intergroup differences that could potentially influence stability. Notable variables include gender, culture, brain physiology, and social- application value.

Key words: cooperative behavior, watching-eyes effect, watching eyes

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