情绪智力的负面效应及机制

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.01451

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

情绪智力是知觉、使用、理解与管理情绪的一组能力。既有研究常将情绪智力与其亲社会性联系起来, 却忽视了它可能存在的负面效应。工作场所中情绪智力的负面效应体现为对内有损身心健康和工作绩效, 对外导致情绪操控和消极行为, 其内在机制可结合自我损耗效应与情绪智力策略模型进行探讨。未来研究应进一步探讨情绪智力负面效应的内在心理机制和特定情境机制, 以及开展群体层次的情绪智力负面效应研究。

关键词: 情绪智力, 负面效应, 自我损耗, 情绪智力策略模型

Abstract:

Emotional intelligence (EI) comprises of a set of abilities related to detecting, using, understanding and managing emotion. Researches and discussions of EI have disproportionately focused on pro-social outcomes but have neglected the possibility that EI might have a dark side. EI in the workplace was negatively related to physical and mental health and job performance at the within-individual level, and led to emotional manipulation and negative behavior at the between-individual level. The internal mechanism of negative effects of EI can be analyzed by the ego-depletion effect and emotional intelligence strategy model. Furthermore, psychological mechanism, situational moderators and negative effect of EI at the team level provide us with important clues to guide future research.

Key words: emotional intelligence, negative effects, ego-depletion, strategic use of emotional intelligence

中图分类号:

孙建群, 田晓明, 李锐. (2019). 情绪智力的负面效应及机制. 心理科学进展 , 27(8), 1451-1459.

SUN Jianqun, TIAN Xiaoming, Li Rui. (2019). Negative effects and mechanisms of emotional intelligence. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(8), 1451-1459.

图/表 2

图1 情绪智力策略模型注：该图依据Kilduff等(2010)的研究整理而得, 实线箭头表示采用自利战术所需的情绪智力能力; 虚线箭头表示更高层级的情绪智力能力包含更基本的情绪智力能力。这四种自利策略的排列顺序反映了高情绪智力者对他人操控的升级。

图2 情绪智力负面效应的整合模型注：1代表该变量主要在个体内层次产生影响; 2代表该变量主要在人际间层次产生影响; 因文献资料的不充分, 模型中未呈现群体层面情绪智力的负面效应。

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