ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 251-267.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.00251

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

退休规划的研究现状和本土化发展

张丽瑶, 王忠军()   

  1. 华中师范大学心理学院 暨青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室、湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室, 武汉 430079
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-22 出版日期:2019-02-15 发布日期:2018-12-25
  • 通讯作者: 王忠军 E-mail:wangzj@mail.ccnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    * 国家社科基金一般项目(17BGL108);湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室开放课题(20161202)

Research status and localization development of retirement planning

ZHANG Liyao, WANG Zhongjun()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430079, China
  • Received:2017-11-22 Online:2019-02-15 Published:2018-12-25
  • Contact: WANG Zhongjun E-mail:wangzj@mail.ccnu.edu.cn

摘要:

退休规划是个体在退休前为保障将来的退休生活做出的长期准备。退休规划不仅有利于退休人员生活幸福, 还有助于缓解社会保障体系的压力, 在较早进入老龄化的国家已经得到重视。通过回顾国外相关研究, 本文归纳出退休规划的六个具体领域(财务、健康、社交休闲、工作、心理、居住), 总结并评价了过去研究应用的主要理论基础(角色理论、计划过程理论、资源视角、生态系统理论)和有代表性的测量工具。汇总分析了退休规划在人口学、环境和心理三层面上的影响因素以及对过渡型就业和退休适应两阶段的影响。基于研究概念的发展以及中国国情, 未来研究应该首先开发本土化工具, 合理选择理论视角并系统研究规划的各个领域, 验证并创新退休规划的影响因素研究, 注重中国国情问题并加强干预研究。

关键词: 老龄化, 退休, 退休规划, 过渡型就业, 退休适应

Abstract:

Retirement planning refers to one’s long-term effort in preparation for his/her post-retirement life. It has garnered increasing attention in countries that have entered into aging societies. Retirement planning will not only benefit retirees’ well-being, but will also help reduce the pressure confronted by the Social Security system. Based on the literature of retirement planning, this review provides a summary of studies in six major planning domains (i.e., financial, health and well-being-related, social activities/leisure-related, work-related, psychological, and housing), four main theoretical framework (i.e., role theory, planning- process theory, resource theory, and ecological systems theory), and representative measurement. Furthermore, this review discussed demographic factors, environment factors, and psychological factors as the antecedents of retirement planning and its consequences on bridge employment and retirement adjustment. According to the theoretical development and the current realities in China, it is recommended that future research should develop localized measurement tools, choose the appropriate theoretical framework, and systematically study retirement planning in various domains. Future research should also innovatively examine other antecedents of retirement planning. In addition, researchers could conduct intervention studies on retirement planning that correspond to China’s national realities.

Key words: aging, retirement, retirement planning, bridge employment, retirement adjustment

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