网络游戏成瘾研究的争议及趋势

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1042.2019.00083

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

网络游戏成瘾(Internet Gaming Disorder, IGD)是否能被确认为独立的精神障碍?目前的争议来自三个方面:概念上难以明确IGD与正常游戏行为,其他精神障碍之间的差异, 且上瘾对象仅为网络游戏或包含线下游戏并不明确; 鉴定标准上DSM-5总结的9条标准没能刻画IGD的本质特征, 现行的18种诊断工具在内容,诊断阈限等方面参差不齐; 研究方法上缺乏理论支撑, 过分依赖问卷数据, 忽视电子游戏的积极作用.争议内容体现出研究者对网络游戏行为本身缺乏理解, 因此难以判断正常与异常的游戏行为.未来研究应考虑回退到对网络游戏行为的研究, 对网络游戏类型特点,影响网络游戏行为的各因素以及电子游戏的积极贡献做深入探讨, 以达到从本质上明确网络游戏成瘾的特质.

关键词: 网络游戏成瘾(IGD), 电子游戏, 行为成瘾, DSM-5诊断标准, 精神障碍

Abstract:

There are three aspects of controversy disputing whether Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) should be defined as an independent psychiatric disorder. Conceptually, it is difficult to clarify the differences between IGD and normal gaming behavior or other mental disorders, and it is not clear that the object of addiction is restricted to online games only, or contained offline games at the same time. With respect to the identification standards, the 9 criteria summarized by DSM-5 failed to depict the essential characteristics of IGD, and with inconsistent levels on content, diagnostic threshold etc. based on existing 18 diagnostic tools. Further, the research methods lack theoretical support, relaying too much on questionnaire data and ignoring the positive effects of video games. The contents of the controversies reveal that researchers lack an understanding of online gaming behavior. Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish normal and abnormal gaming behavior. Research in future should consider stepping back to study the online gaming behavior, exploring the characteristics of different types of internet games and analyzing factors which affect the behavior of Internet gaming and digging the positive contribution of video games, so as to define a clear description of the nature of Internet Gaming Disorder.

Key words: Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), gaming disorder, behavioral addiction, DSM-5 diagnose criteria, mental disorder

中图分类号:

R395

靳宇倡, 余梦, 胡云龙. (2019). 网络游戏成瘾研究的争议及趋势. 心理科学进展 , 27(1), 83-95.

JIN Yuchang, YU Meng, HU Yunlong. (2019). The controversies and tendency of Internet Gaming Disorder research. Advances in Psychological Science, 27(1), 83-95.

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