ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4): 602-613.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2015.00602

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

神经质人格的神经生理基础

黄雅梅1,3;周仁来1,2,3,4;吴梦莹1,3   

  1. (1北京师范大学心理学院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室, 北京 100875) (2北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室和IDG/McGovern脑研究所, 北京 100875) (3北京师范大学情绪调节研究中心, 北京 100875) (4南京大学社会学院心理学系, 南京 210023)
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-22 出版日期:2015-04-15 发布日期:2015-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 周仁来, E-mail: rlzhou@nju.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家重点基础研究计划(2011CB505101)、北京中医药大学证候与方剂基础研究北京市重点实验室开放课题(2011-SYSKFKT03)和北京尚善公益基金会“尚善”基金资助。

Neurophysiological Mechanism of Neuroticism

HUANG Yamei1,3; ZHOU Renlai1,2,3,4; WU Mengying1,3   

  1. (1 Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China) (2 State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China) (3 Research Center of Emotion Regulation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China) (4 Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavior Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China)
  • Received:2014-04-22 Online:2015-04-15 Published:2015-04-15
  • Contact: ZHOU Renlai, E-mail: rlzhou@nju.edu.cn

摘要:

神经质作为一种人格特质, 核心特征是具有负性情绪体验的倾向。高神经质个体表现出更强的情绪反应、更差的情绪感知和应对, 因而体验到更多的负性情绪, 进而容易形成一系列精神障碍和身体疾病。因此, 神经质成为精神病理学中一个重要的风险因素。来自自主神经系统、神经内分泌系统和脑的证据发现, 高神经质个体心血管灵活性降低、HPA轴基线活动增强、EEG活动增大以及负性情绪引起的杏仁核活动增强, 其中杏仁核的自上而下和自下而上通路可能是整合多方面证据的关键。进一步研究应致力于将遗传学、电生理学、生物化学、脑成像技术等相结合, 构建神经质产生、形成的神经生理模型。

关键词: 神经质, 自主神经系统, 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴, 杏仁核

Abstract:

Neuroticism is a trait of personality, and its core feature is the tendency to experience negative emotions. Highly neurotic individuals had more intense emotional reactions as well as poorer performances on emotion perception and coping. Thus, these individuals tended to experience more negative emotions, leading them to be more vulnerable to a series of mental and physical disorders. Due to these factors, neuroticism has become one of the most important risk factors in development of psychopathology. Evidence from studies concerning autonomic nervous system, endocrine system, and the brain showed that highly neurotic individuals had reduced cardiovascular flexibility, enhanced HPA baseline activity, increased EEG activity, and enhanced amygdala activity induced by negative emotions. More importantly, there was evidence that the top-down and bottom-up pathway of amygdala may be the key to explain these associations. Future research is strongly encouraged to integrate methods from genetics, electrophysiology, biochemistry, and brain imaging technology, so as to construct a neuro-physiological model of neuroticism.

Key words: neuroticism, autonomic nerves system, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, amygdala