ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (12): 2235-2244.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.02235

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

道德人格研究:范式与分歧

喻丰;彭凯平;董蕊;柴方圆;韩婷婷   

  1. (1清华大学心理学系, 北京100084) (2 Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720 USA) (3北京师范大学心理学院, 北京100875)
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-17 出版日期:2013-12-15 发布日期:2013-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 彭凯平

The Psychological Research Paradigms of Moral Personality

YU Feng;PENG Kaiping;DONG Rui;CHAI Fangyuan;HAN Tingting   

  1. (1 Department of psychology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China) (2 Department of psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720, USA) (3 School of psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China)
  • Received:2013-05-17 Online:2013-12-15 Published:2013-12-15
  • Contact: PENG Kaiping

摘要:

道德人格研究领域与美德伦理学近来交汇于社会心理学。而这些研究基本可以区分为两个维度, 即结构—过程与观察者—行动者。这两个维度区分出四种研究范式, 即道德原型范式、道德榜样范式、道德信息加工范式和美德民众概念范式。这四种范式发现, 无论是结构或者动力, 道德人格都有其独特性。且无论是观察者还是行动者视角, 道德人格者都和普通人不同。道德人格甚至整个人格观趋待整合, 并需要解决特质与情境、结构与动力、理性与直觉、描述与规范等理论问题, 方能更好地指导道德人格或美德研究。

关键词: 道德人格, 美德, 道德榜样, 原型, 道德特质, 信息加工, 民众心理学

Abstract:

Regardless of moral personality development, moral personality and virtue research can be categorized by two dimensions. The first dimension is structure–process, which respectively represent the “what” and the “how” of personality, or personality’s “having” and “doing”. The second dimension is actor–observer, which respectively represent the nature of personality and the folk belief about personality. There are four paradigms according to the interaction of these two dimensions. The first paradigm is moral prototype approach, which seeks to identify the structure of moral personality based on folk belief. The second paradigm is moral exemplar approach, which aim to explore the dynamics of moral personality from moral figures. The third paradigm is moral information processing approach, which seeks to explore the cognitive processes underlying real moral or unmoral people. The fourth paradigm is folk virtue concept approach, which seeks to identify the thinking processes underlying virtuous person based on folk beliefs. Four paradigms aims to explore different aspects of moral personality.

Key words: moral personality, virtue, moral exemplar, prototype, moral traits, information processing, folk psychology