ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (11): 2027-2035.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.02027

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

判断与决策中的中等偏上效应

李彬;徐富明;郭永玉;张慧;罗寒冰;郑秋强   

  1. (青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室; 华中师范大学心理学院暨湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室, 武汉 430079)
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-29 出版日期:2013-11-15 发布日期:2013-11-15
  • 通讯作者: 徐富明
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金面上项目“不同社会阶层分配不公平感的归因模式及应对策略” (项目批准号：71171094)资助。

The Better-Than-Average Effect in Judgment and Decision Making

LI Bin;XU Fuming;GUO Yongyu;ZHANG Hui;LUO Hanbing;ZHENG Qiuqiang   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior, Ministry of Education (CCNU); School of Psychology, Central China Normal University; Key Laboratory of Human Development and Mental Health of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430079, China)
  • Received:2012-12-29 Online:2013-11-15 Published:2013-11-15
  • Contact: XU Fuming

PDF (PC)

1633

被引次数

5

摘要：

中等偏上效应是指人们评价自己比评价常人更积极的倾向。中等偏上效应普遍存在于判断与决策中。对中等偏上效应心理机制的解释分为动机理论和非动机理论。中等偏上效应的影响因素有评价维度的属性、研究方法、反馈、评价者对参照对象的信息知悉度和文化差异等。未来研究需要从中等偏上效应与过分自信、乐观偏差的关系, 中等偏上效应的心理机制、应用领域等方面进一步探讨。

关键词: 中等偏上效应, 动机理论, 自我中心主义, 广义群体理论

Abstract:

The better-than-average effect refers to the tendency for people to evaluate themselves more favorably than the average peer. The effect exists widely in judgment and decision making. Now two psychological mechanisms of the effect are introduced: motivational theory and nonmotivational theory. And then, we introduce influential factors of the better-than-average effect, including the attributes of evaluative dimensions, research methods, feedbacks, the knowledge of referents and cultural differences. In addition, the deficiencies existing in current research and the directions for future research are discussed.

Key words: better-than-average effect, motivational theory, egocentrism, generalized group ideas