ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (8): 1408-1421.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.01408

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

婴儿心理理论的发展：表现和机制

皮忠玲;莫书亮   

  1. (青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室, 华中师范大学心理学院, 湖北省人的发展与心理健康重点实验室, 武汉 430079)
  • 收稿日期:2012-12-11 出版日期:2013-08-15 发布日期:2013-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 莫书亮
  • 基金资助:

    国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题(BBA090068)基金资助。

Theory of Mind Development in Infants: Performances and Mechanisms

PI Zhongling;MO Shuliang   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior (CCNU) of Ministry of Education; School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, and Hubei Human Development and Mental Health Key Laboratory, Wuhan 430079, China)
  • Received:2012-12-11 Online:2013-08-15 Published:2013-08-15
  • Contact: MO Shuliang

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摘要： 婴儿心理理论发展研究是探索人类社会认知起源、发生和发展的重要领域。从联合注意、情绪理解、意图理解、愿望理解和错误信念理解等方面分析了几个月至3岁左右的婴儿心理理论发生和发展的研究现状。为了探讨3岁以下婴儿心理理论的发展过程, 研究者发展了一些适合婴儿语言和行为发展特征的非言语和言语测试任务, 包括非言语自发―反应错误信念任务、言语自发―反应错误信念任务, 同时也采用眼动技术和事件相关电位技术来考察心理理论发展水平和发展机制。婴儿心理理论的发生和发展在不同测试任务上表现出一定的年龄特征。这与认知功能(如语言、执行功能)的发展、环境因素(如家庭、同伴、文化)以及神经系统发育有关。也有一些最新研究从心理理论发生和发展的基因、激素水平进行了探讨。最后提出了该领域未来研究可以进一步探讨的问题。

关键词: 婴儿, 心理理论, 研究范式

Abstract: It is very important to explore the origin and development of theory of mind in infants. Relative literature was reviewed to investigate the occurrence and development of theory of mind under the age of 3 years, which was from perspectives of joint attention, emotion understanding, intention understanding, desire understanding and false belief understanding. To examine the theory of mind ability in infants, researchers developed some new paradigms (e.g., nonverbal spontaneous-response tasks, verbal spontaneous-response tasks), which were adapted to infants' behavioral and cognitive ability. In addition, some studies employed the eye movement and event-related potential techniques to see infants' ability to recognize others' mental states. The findings were related to different tasks used in studies and participants' characteristics of age. We discussed some critical factors (e.g., cognitive functions, environmental factors, neural and genetic mechanisms) which may be responsible for the development of theory of mind. Finally, some important issues to be further explored in future research were proposed.

Key words: infant, theory of mind, research paradigm