ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办:中国科学院心理研究所
出版:科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (3): 418-428.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.00418

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

错误后减慢理论模型述评

王丽君;徐雷;伍姗姗;谭金凤;陈安涛   

  1. (西南大学心理学部认知与人格教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400715)
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-17 出版日期:2013-03-15 发布日期:2013-03-15
  • 通讯作者: 陈安涛
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(31170980、81271477)、全国博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目(201107)和教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0698)的资助。

Critical Review on the Theories of Post-error Slowing

WANG Lijun;XU Lei;WU Shanshan;TAN Jinfeng;CHEN Antao   

  1. (Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education; Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China)
  • Received:2012-07-17 Online:2013-03-15 Published:2013-03-15
  • Contact: CHEN Antao

摘要: 错误后减慢是指错误后正确反应与正确后正确反应相比反应时显著延长的现象。目前研究者已经发现错误后减慢、错误后正确率提高以及错误后干扰效应减少三种错误调控行为, 其中错误后减慢是最稳定的错误后行为表现。早期研究主要从冲突监控理论、激活抑制假说、强化学习理论和失匹配理论等角度解释该现象, 近年来, 研究者又提出了注意朝向理论和评估适应假说。对于该领域未来的研究可以从错误类型、无意识加工、个体差异、新的分析技术的运用方面考虑, 以便全面揭示错误后减慢现象的本质。

关键词: 错误后减慢, PES, 冲突监控理论, 注意朝向理论

Abstract: Post-error slowing (PES) describes the prolonged reaction time (RT) in trials subsequent to an error compared to RTs in trials following correct trials. At present, researchers have found three post-error adjustments, namely post-error slowing, post-error improvement in accuracy and post-error reduction of interference, wherein the post-error slowing is the most stable post-error adjustment behavior. Early accounts aiming to explain the phenomenon mainly include conflict monitoring theory, activation inhibition hypothesis, reinforcement learning theory and mismatch theory. Of note, some recent researches developed orienting account and criterion adjustment hypothesis. Further research should pay more attention to different error types, unconscious error processing, individual differences and new analysis technology application so as to fully uncover the nature of PES.

Key words: post-error slowing, PES, conflict monitoring theory, orienting account