ISSN 1671-3710
CN 11-4766/R
主办：中国科学院心理研究所
出版：科学出版社

心理科学进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (12): 2011-2021.doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1042.2012.02011

• 研究前沿 • 上一篇    下一篇

共情的神经生物基础

潘彦谷;刘衍玲;马建苓;冉光明;雷浩   

  1. (西南大学心理学部心理健康教育研究中心; 认知与人格教育部重点实验室(西南大学), 重庆 400715)
  • 收稿日期:2012-03-05 出版日期:2012-12-15 发布日期:2012-12-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘衍玲
  • 基金资助:

    西南大学211工程国家重点学科基础心理学资助项目(NSKD11059)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(swu1009101)资助。

Neurobiological Underpinnings of Empathy

PAN Yan-Gu;LIU Yan-Ling;MA Jian-Ling;RAN Guang-Ming;LEI Hao   

  1. (Research Center of Mental Health Education, Department of Psychology, Southwest University; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China)
  • Received:2012-03-05 Online:2012-12-15 Published:2012-12-15
  • Contact: LIU Yan-Ling

PDF (PC)

3926

被引次数

55

摘要： 共情指个体感知或想象他人的情感, 并部分体验到他人感受的心理过程。共情包括情感共情和认知共情两个独立成分。情感共情的神经网络包括前脑岛(AI)、前扣带回(ACC)以及镜像神经系统(MNS), 认知共情的核心脑区是腹内侧前额叶(vmPFC)。共情的神经网络在个体发展中逐渐成熟并受到认知评价的调节。另外, 催产素和催产素受体基因多态性与共情密切联系。未来应该深入研究躯体感觉皮质在疼痛共情中的作用, 共情和亲身情感体验的神经网络的区别, 开展催产素改善共情缺陷个体的干预研究, 采用脑成像基因技术研究基因多态性与共情神经网络的关系以及提高共情研究范式的生态效度。

关键词: 共情, 脑机制, 神经发展, 认知调节, 催产素

Abstract: Empathy occurs when an observer perceives or imagines someone else’s affect and this triggers a response such that the observer partially feels what the target is feeling. It includes two independent elements: emotional empathy and cognitive empathy. Neural network of emotional empathy includes AI, ACC and MNS. The main brain region of cognitive empathy is vmPFC. Neural network of empathy matures gradually in the individual development and it is regulated by cognitive appraisal. Oxytocin and gene polymorphism of oxytocin receptor relate to empathy closely. Future researches need to focus on the function of somatosensory cortex on pain empathy, neural network difference between empathy and personal emotions, facilitation of oxytocin on defective individual’s empathy ability, relationship between gene polymorphism and neural network of empathy by using imaging genetic technology and improvement of ecological validity of empathy research paradigm.

Key words: empathy, brain mechanism, neurodevelopment, cognitive regulation, oxytocin