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ISSN 0439-755X
CN 11-1911/B

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    25 October 1959, Volume 3 Issue 05 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    AN ANALYSIS OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRACTICE IN PRODUCTIVE LABOR AND THE ACQUISTION OF THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE IN MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS
    LIU FAN AND KONG WEI-YAO (Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica)
    1959, 3 (05):  3-16. 
    Abstract ( 576 )  
    For the purpose of practicing thoroughly the policies of the Chinese Communist Party on education, i. e. to serve the political affairs of working class and to be connected with productive labour, the authors investigated the relationship between the practice in industrial productive work and the acquistion of theoretical knowledge of physics in middle school students.In the study, the authors observed some facts such as: under the circumstance that students did productive work, their interest, understanding and memory of theoretical knowledge (of physics) were facilitated. Thus, students well assimilated theoretical knowledge. This, in turn, helped students understand the process of labor work thereby promoting the efficiency of work. Under such circumstances, students' knowledge was broadened and deepened in contents.Finally, a preliminary attempt was made to analyze psychologically the above facts. The authors considered that the changes in students' attitude toward learning and the raising of efficiency in learning resulting from their practice in productive work is itself a reflexion of labor processes, and that such laws of reflexion could be applied in increasing the efficiency of teaching.
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    AN ANALYSIS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL 5-6th GRADE STUDENTS PARTICIPATING IN AGRICULATURAL WORK
    LI YI (Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica)
    1959, 3 (05):  17-26. 
    Abstract ( 557 )  
    In this study, the author tried to analyze the characteristics manifested by the primary school students (the 5-6th grade students) in agriculatural labour, in the understanding of the discipline to be observed during the work, and in the evaluation of their own and others' work. An attempt was also made to investigate the relationship among these characteristics.The students' understanding of the discipline are mainly reflected in the following three aspects: the students' behavior when working individually; their obedience to the discipline; and the spirits of collectivism, and these three aspects seem to correspond respectively to the three different levels (from the lower to the higher levels) of development of child's mentality. Both the children's manifestation during the work and their evaluation of their own and others' labour are closely related to these three levels of understanding of the discipline.Through this preliminary work, the author attempted to reveal the major psychological factors affecting the difference in the moral quality of the students, so as to give some suggestions for the educational practice.
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    AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON AUTOKINETIC ILLUSION
    FENG KEN-CHUAN AND YANG TE-CHUANG (Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica)
    1959, 3 (05):  27-40. 
    Abstract ( 729 )  
    Autokinetic illusion, is a problem which is of significance, in aviation and, also a long existing theoretical problem of psychology.Having carried out ten series of experiments in this study, the authors also examined the theory of autokinetic illusion. One can conclude from this study that the three major factors affecting the autokinetic illusion are: 1) the stability of the spafical perception of the structure by means of the field in which the objects are localized; 2) the conditions effecting the localization of the observed objects; 3) the positive activities on the part of the observer while perceiving the relative locations of the objects. The, absence of these factors may contribute to the formation of autokinetic illusion.Our experimental results seem to demonstrate that by making full use of the above factors one may diminish or even eliminate such illusion.The experimental conditions of this study were not well controlled, the number of subjects employed were rather small. These imposed a considerable limitation, upon the significance of results of this study.
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    SOME CHARACTERISTIC OF THE DYNAMIC PROCESSES IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX OF NEURATHENICS AS SHOWN BY THE FLUCTUATIONS IN THE LATENTY PERIOD OF DISCRIMINATION REACTION
    SON WEI-CHEN (Institute of Psychology, Academia Sinica)
    1959, 3 (05):  41-52. 
    Abstract ( 479 )  
    In this study, discrimination reactions of 40 normal persons and 78 patients of neurathenia were compared. Before the psychotherapy, the wave amplitude of latency of reaction in the patients was greater than that in the normal persons. After the therapy, decreases in wave amplitude differed in individuals depending on the extents of their recovery: The wave amplitudes of completely recovered patients decreased to that extent as in normal persons and also a great decrease in the wave amplitude was seen in the basically recovered patients, but rather poorly recovered persons showed only a small decrease in the amplitude.As for the relationship between the wave amplitudes of latency of discrimination reaction tested before the therapy and the effects of therapy, one finds that most patients originally showing small wave amplitude recovered completely or basically after the treatment, but only small percentage of patients originally showing greate wave fluctuation recovered well.The wave amplitude of latency of discrimination reaction is one of the indices of the functional states of the cerebral cortex. The experiment carried out before the therapy demonstrates that functional states of patients' cortex were different from those of the healthy persons. The recovery of the functional states of cortex and the improvements in clinical symptoms go together. The patients with severe functional disorder recovered more slowly than those having the lesser disorder.From this study, the author concludes that the wave amplitude of the latency of discrimination reaction can be used in diagnosing the severity of illness and also the effect of treatments,
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